Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    15 He doesn't care about her.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    2 Take a look at this!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    1 What are you watching?
    20 It feels great!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    8 We met several times.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    6 Will you be there?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    12 phone number 670098883
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    3 246 people
    11 bus number 102
    4 3,500
    5 4.6,000,000
    8 9,756,004

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    9 he, not like the food
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    10 I'm drinking beer.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    4 He continued to read.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    2 They love to sing.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    12 You should do it soon possible.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    3 I got it my friend.
    7 He died the age 95.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    4 Can I have a glass water?

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    17 He should get other/another chance.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    3 There will be many/much people.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    6 Do you any sports?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    8 How much money does he ?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    14 He it to her happy.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    3 What will you need?
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.