Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    20 It feels great!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    8 We met several times.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    2 Take a look at this!
    1 What are you watching?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    10 What time does your plane land?

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    7 35,785
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    11 bus number 102
    3 246 people
    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    12 phone number 670098883
    9 in the year 2015
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    5 4.6,000,000
    6 0.05 seconds
    10 in the 1980s

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    7 What did they want? more money
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    11 Were there any problems? lots of

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    10 We'll be able to come.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    5 I, give him, the money
    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.
    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    12 Go down this road.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    7 He died the age 95.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    3 I got it my friend.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    9 It should take only little/few time.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    1 You are a big mistake!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    4 You should your homework now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    2 What do people think?
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.