Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    8 We met several times.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    20 It feels great!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    13 Let's go shopping!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    11 He's got no children.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    10 in the 1980s
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    3 246 people
    9 in the year 2015
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    5 4.6,000,000
    2 He was 52nd.
    12 phone number 670098883
    4 3,500

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    13 When did you see him? last week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.
    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    4 He continued to read.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    3 I got it my friend.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    7 He died the age 95.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    12 You should do it soon possible.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    9 It should take only little/few time.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    6 Do you any sports?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    1 Why do you need car?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.