Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    19 That sounds interesting.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    1 What are you watching?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    20 It feels great!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    2 Take a look at this!
    8 We met several times.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.

    Exercise 3

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    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    8 9,756,004
    5 4.6,000,000
    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    13 When did you see him? last week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    2 They love to sing.
    3 Music started to play.
    1 He likes to play games.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

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    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    3 It's just around the corner.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    12 Go down this road.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    2 You are among friends.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    1 She left for work an hour ago.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    13 I go to see him time time.
    7 He died the age 95.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    3 I got it my friend.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    12 I speak very little/few English.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    4 You should your homework now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    8 How much money does he ?
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    14 He it to her happy.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.