Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    20 It feels great!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    1 What are you watching?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    2 Take a look at this!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    8 We met several times.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    7 Do they agree?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    10 in the 1980s
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    4 3,500
    11 bus number 102
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    8 9,756,004

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    7 What did they want? more money
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    11 Were there any problems? lots of

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    3 I'm going to tell him.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    8 our dog, not eat that

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    1 He likes to play games.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.
    4 He continued to read.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    2 They love to sing.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    3 It's just around the corner.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    3 I got it my friend.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    7 He died the age 95.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    3 She's dinner just now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    6 Do you any sports?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    8 How much money does he ?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    14 He it to her happy.
    15 Stop fun of me!

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    6 Jdeš s námi?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.