Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    9 Is this your first time here?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    1 What are you watching?
    8 We met several times.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    20 It feels great!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    10 What time does your plane land?

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    11 He's got no children.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    4 Have you got any money?
    7 Do they agree?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    5 Is she coming too?
    10 Am I right?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    12 phone number 670098883
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    3 246 people
    8 9,756,004
    10 in the 1980s
    6 0.05 seconds
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    9 in the year 2015
    11 bus number 102
    5 4.6,000,000
    7 35,785

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    13 When did you see him? last week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    7 What did they want? more money
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    6 There's too much water.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    5 School is beginning.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    3 It's snowing.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    2 They love to sing.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    1 He likes to play games.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    4 He continued to read.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    3 Music started to play.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    12 Go down this road.
    2 You are among friends.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    5 The worst is behind us.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    7 He died the age 95.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    3 I got it my friend.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    3 There will be many/much people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    14 He it to her happy.
    8 How much money does he ?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    6 Do you any sports?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    6 We will find some place.
    1 Why do you need car?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    6 Jdeš s námi?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.