Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    14 She keeps talking about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    20 It feels great!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    2 Take a look at this!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    8 We met several times.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    1 What are you watching?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?
    7 Do they agree?
    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    6 0.05 seconds
    3 246 people
    4 3,500
    2 He was 52nd.
    8 9,756,004
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    5 4.6,000,000
    11 bus number 102
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    7 35,785

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    8 There were more people.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    8 our dog, not eat that
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    1 He likes to play games.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    2 They love to sing.
    4 He continued to read.
    3 Music started to play.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    2 You are among friends.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    12 Go down this road.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    3 I got it my friend.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    7 He died the age 95.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • c She had to go to work.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    12 I speak very little/few English.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    14 He it to her happy.
    8 How much money does he ?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    6 Do you any sports?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    1 Why do you need car?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    6 Jdeš s námi?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.