Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    4 She knew nothing about it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    8 We met several times.
    1 What are you watching?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    20 It feels great!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    2 Take a look at this!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 3

  • sentence
  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    8 Should I tell her?
    5 Is she coming too?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

  • sentence
  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    10 in the 1980s
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    5 4.6,000,000
    4 3,500
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    6 0.05 seconds
    12 phone number 670098883
    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

  • sentence
  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    7 What did they want? more money
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    13 When did you see him? last week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.

    Exercise 7

  • sentence
  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money
    1 he, speak about it

    Exercise 8

  • sentence-color-r
  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

  • fil-table
  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    1 She's feeling good.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.

    Exercise 10

  • fil
  • 490

    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

  • sentence
  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    3 Music started to play.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

  • sentence
  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

  • check
  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

  • fil
  • 497

    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    3 I got it my friend.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    13 I go to see him time time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    7 He died the age 95.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    12 You should do it soon possible.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

  • join
  • 499

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

  • check
  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

  • sentence
  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

  • check
  • 505

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

  • fil
  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

  • fil
  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    8 How much money does he ?
    14 He it to her happy.
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    5 I need to a phone call.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

  • sentence
  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

  • fil
  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.

    Exercise 23

  • check
  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 24

  • fil
  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    3 What will you need?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

  • sentence
  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.