Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    16 Shall we sit down?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    8 We met several times.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    20 It feels great!
    2 Take a look at this!
    13 Let's go shopping!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    10 We got there at seven.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    2 Does he know?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    3 Can they help us?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    4 3,500
    8 9,756,004
    11 bus number 102
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    7 35,785
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    7 What did they want? more money
    13 When did you see him? last week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    1 he, speak about it
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    3 she, send us, messages
    2 my parents, know
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    6 He's coming.
    5 School is beginning.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    3 Music started to play.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    13 I go to see him time time.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    3 I got it my friend.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    7 He died the age 95.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    1 How many/much will it cost?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    17 He should get other/another chance.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    6 Do you any sports?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her happy.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    15 Stop fun of me!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.