Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    20 It feels great!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    1 What are you watching?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    8 We met several times.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    10 We got there at seven.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 3

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    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    5 4.6,000,000
    8 9,756,004
    7 35,785
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    9 in the year 2015
    11 bus number 102
    3 246 people

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    13 When did you see him? last week

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    1 he, speak about it
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    4 He continued to read.
    3 Music started to play.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

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    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    2 You are among friends.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    12 Go down this road.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    3 It's just around the corner.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    10 I'm ready for anything.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    3 I got it my friend.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    7 He died the age 95.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    8 How much money does he ?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    4 You should your homework now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    2 What do people think?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.