Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    2 Take a look at this!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    1 What are you watching?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    8 We met several times.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    20 It feels great!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    18 There's no need to worry.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    10 Am I right?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    10 in the 1980s
    7 35,785
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    9 in the year 2015
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.
    3 246 people
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    4 3,500

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    7 What did they want? more money
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    8 There were more people.
    2 She should tell them.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    1 he, speak about it
    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    4 He continued to read.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    2 You are among friends.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    3 I got it my friend.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    7 He died the age 95.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    5 Can you tell me more it?

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her happy.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    8 I'll come time.
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.