Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    2 Take a look at this!
    1 What are you watching?
    8 We met several times.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    20 It feels great!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    10 We got there at seven.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    7 35,785
    12 phone number 670098883
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    11 bus number 102
    8 9,756,004
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    13 When did you see him? last week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it
    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    3 It's snowing.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    2 They love to sing.
    3 Music started to play.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    8 It will be hard to solve.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    10 I'm ready for anything.
    12 Go down this road.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    2 You are among friends.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    5 The worst is behind us.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    7 He died the age 95.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    3 I got it my friend.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    4 Can I have a glass water?

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    7 There were less/fewer people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    14 He it to her happy.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    6 Do you any sports?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    4 You should your homework now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    8 How much money does he ?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.