Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    1 What are you watching?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    20 It feels great!
    2 Take a look at this!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    8 We met several times.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    16 Shall we sit down?

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    11 He's got no children.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    5 Is she coming too?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    1 on May 1st and 26th
    3 246 people
    4 3,500
    11 bus number 102
    9 in the year 2015
    5 4.6,000,000
    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.
    7 35,785
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    6 0.05 seconds
    10 in the 1980s

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    9 What did you drink? only tea
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    7 What did they want? more money
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    13 When did you see him? last week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    4 He continued to read.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    7 It should be easy to repair.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    2 You are among friends.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    3 I got it my friend.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    7 He died the age 95.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    3 There will be many/much people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    3 She's dinner just now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    8 How much money does he ?
    14 He it to her happy.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    4 You should your homework now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    1 You are a big mistake!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    6 Do you any sports?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    3 What will you need?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    1 Why do you need car?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.