Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    12 She never speaks to me.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    1 What are you watching?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    8 We met several times.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    20 It feels great!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    16 Shall we sit down?

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    11 He's got no children.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    2 He was 52nd.
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    10 in the 1980s
    9 in the year 2015
    6 0.05 seconds
    8 9,756,004
    11 bus number 102
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    4 3,500
    3 246 people

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    7 What did they want? more money
    9 What did you drink? only tea

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    2 She should tell them.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    8 our dog, not eat that
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.
    2 Bob is trying hard.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    2 They love to sing.
    3 Music started to play.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    2 You are among friends.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    3 I got it my friend.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    7 He died the age 95.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    9 It should take only little/few time.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    15 Stop fun of me!

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    6 We will find some place.
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    4 What things do you like?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.