Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    10 What time does your plane land?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    20 It feels great!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    8 We met several times.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    1 What are you watching?
    2 Take a look at this!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 We got there at seven.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    11 He's got no children.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    6 Will you be there?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    6 0.05 seconds
    4 3,500
    11 bus number 102
    9 in the year 2015
    8 9,756,004
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    10 in the 1980s
    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883
    5 4.6,000,000
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    13 When did you see him? last week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    6 There's too much water.
    8 There were more people.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    6 He's coming.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    1 She's feeling good.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.
    3 It's snowing.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    2 They love to sing.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    3 Music started to play.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    5 The worst is behind us.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    12 You should do it soon possible.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    3 I got it my friend.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    7 He died the age 95.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    5 Can you tell me more it?

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • b We met on the bus.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    6 That's too much/many money.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    14 He it to her happy.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    8 How much money does he ?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    4 You should your homework now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    5 I need to a phone call.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    6 We will find some place.
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    10 Kolik to stojí?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.