Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    14 She keeps talking about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    2 Take a look at this!
    13 Let's go shopping!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    1 What are you watching?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    8 We met several times.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    20 It feels great!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    4 She knew nothing about it.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    11 He's got no children.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.

    Exercise 3

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    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    3 Can they help us?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    4 3,500
    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s
    11 bus number 102
    8 9,756,004
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    6 0.05 seconds
    7 35,785
    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    5 We love it when we go out.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    4 He continued to read.
    3 Music started to play.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    12 Go down this road.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    2 You are among friends.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    5 Can you tell me more it?
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    7 He died the age 95.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    3 I got it my friend.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    4 I tried it many/much times.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    8 How much money does he ?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    4 You should your homework now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    14 He it to her happy.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?
    1 Why do you need car?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.