Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    1 What are you watching?
    8 We met several times.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    2 Take a look at this!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    20 It feels great!
    4 She knew nothing about it.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    11 He's got no children.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    10 We got there at seven.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.

    Exercise 3

  • sentence
  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

  • sentence
  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    6 0.05 seconds
    7 35,785
    12 phone number 670098883
    2 He was 52nd.
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    8 9,756,004
    11 bus number 102
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    4 3,500
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

  • sentence
  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    13 When did you see him? last week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    3 I'm going to tell him.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.
    1 He speaks English.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

  • sentence
  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

  • sentence-color-r
  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

  • fil-table
  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    10 I'm drinking beer.
    6 He's coming.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.

    Exercise 10

  • fil
  • 490

    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

  • sentence
  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    3 Music started to play.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    4 He continued to read.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    2 They love to sing.

    Exercise 12

  • sentence
  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    3 It's just around the corner.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    2 You are among friends.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

  • check
  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

  • fil
  • 497

    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    7 He died the age 95.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    3 I got it my friend.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    13 I go to see him time time.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

  • join
  • 499

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

  • check
  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

  • sentence
  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

  • check
  • 505

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

  • fil
  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

  • fil
  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    4 You should your homework now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    14 He it to her happy.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    6 Do you any sports?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

  • sentence
  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

  • fil
  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .

    Exercise 23

  • check
  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 24

  • fil
  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.
    1 Why do you need car?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

  • sentence
  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.