Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    8 We met several times.
    20 It feels great!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    1 What are you watching?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    10 We got there at seven.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 3

  • sentence
  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    5 Is she coming too?
    2 Does he know?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

  • sentence
  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    8 9,756,004
    11 bus number 102
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    4 3,500
    10 in the 1980s
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    7 35,785

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

  • sentence
  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    13 When did you see him? last week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

  • sentence
  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    1 he, speak about it
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    2 my parents, know
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

  • sentence-color-r
  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound

    Exercise 9

  • fil-table
  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

  • fil
  • 490

    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

  • sentence
  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    7 It should be easy to repair.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.
    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.

    Exercise 12

  • sentence
  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    12 Go down this road.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    3 It's just around the corner.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

  • check
  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

  • fil
  • 497

    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    12 You should do it soon possible.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    3 I got it my friend.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    7 He died the age 95.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

  • join
  • 499

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

  • check
  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    6 That's too much/many money.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

  • sentence
  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

  • check
  • 505

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

  • fil
  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

  • fil
  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    8 How much money does he ?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her happy.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

  • sentence
  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

  • fil
  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.

    Exercise 23

  • check
  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 24

  • fil
  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    4 What things do you like?
    1 Why do you need car?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.
    3 What will you need?
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

  • sentence
  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.