Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    19 That sounds interesting.
    20 It feels great!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    8 We met several times.
    1 What are you watching?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    15 He doesn't care about her.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    11 He's got no children.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000
    7 35,785
    4 3,500
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    8 9,756,004
    12 phone number 670098883
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    1 on May 1st and 26th

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week
    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    2 She should tell them.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    9 They could help us.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    8 There were more people.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    3 she, send us, messages
    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    6 He's coming.
    5 School is beginning.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    3 Music started to play.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    13 I go to see him time time.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    7 He died the age 95.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    3 I got it my friend.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    8 How much money does he ?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    4 You should your homework now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    10 Kolik to stojí?
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.