Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    9 Is this your first time here?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    8 We met several times.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    1 What are you watching?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    20 It feels great!
    13 Let's go shopping!
    2 Take a look at this!
    7 It was nice meeting you.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 She's afraid of flying.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    11 He's got no children.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    10 We got there at seven.
    1 I'm watching the news.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    10 Am I right?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    9 in the year 2015
    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102
    8 9,756,004
    4 3,500
    2 He was 52nd.
    3 246 people
    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    13 When did you see him? last week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    2 They love to sing.
    3 Music started to play.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    2 You are among friends.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    7 He died the age 95.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    3 I got it my friend.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    3 There will be many/much people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    6 Do you any sports?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    4 You should your homework now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    14 He it to her happy.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    4 What things do you like?
    8 I'll come time.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.