Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    8 We met several times.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    20 It feels great!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    1 What are you watching?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 Frank is coming too.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    11 He's got no children.
    8 She's afraid of flying.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    4 Have you got any money?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    5 4.6,000,000
    3 246 people
    4 3,500
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    10 in the 1980s
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    9 in the year 2015
    12 phone number 670098883
    2 He was 52nd.
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    13 When did you see him? last week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    8 There were more people.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    2 She should tell them.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    6 There's too much water.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    9 he, not like the food
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    6 He's coming.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    2 They love to sing.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    3 Music started to play.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    10 I'm ready for anything.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    12 Go down this road.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    3 I got it my friend.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    7 He died the age 95.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    6 Do you any sports?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    14 He it to her happy.
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    15 Stop fun of me!

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    2 What do people think?
    3 What will you need?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.