Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    14 She keeps talking about it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    1 What are you watching?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    8 We met several times.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    20 It feels great!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    2 Take a look at this!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 She's afraid of flying.
    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    10 We got there at seven.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.

    Exercise 3

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    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    8 Should I tell her?
    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    10 Am I right?
    7 Do they agree?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    5 4.6,000,000
    9 in the year 2015
    11 bus number 102
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    4 3,500
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    8 9,756,004
    3 246 people

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    1 He speaks English.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    2 They love to sing.
    3 Music started to play.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    10 I'm ready for anything.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    3 I got it my friend.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    7 He died the age 95.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • c She had to go to work.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    4 I tried it many/much times.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    3 There will be many/much people.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    8 How much money does he ?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    6 Jdeš s námi?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.