Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    10 What time does your plane land?
    2 Take a look at this!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    8 We met several times.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    1 What are you watching?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    20 It feels great!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.

    Exercise 3

  • sentence
  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    5 Is she coming too?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?
    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

  • sentence
  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    8 9,756,004
    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.
    5 4.6,000,000
    4 3,500
    10 in the 1980s
    11 bus number 102
    6 0.05 seconds
    7 35,785
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

  • sentence
  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    7 What did they want? more money
    13 When did you see him? last week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    9 What did you drink? only tea

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    9 They could help us.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.

    Exercise 7

  • sentence
  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

  • sentence-color-r
  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

  • fil-table
  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    6 He's coming.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.

    Exercise 10

  • fil
  • 490

    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

  • sentence
  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    2 They love to sing.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    4 He continued to read.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

  • sentence
  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    2 You are among friends.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

  • check
  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

  • fil
  • 497

    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    13 I go to see him time time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    3 I got it my friend.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    7 He died the age 95.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

  • join
  • 499

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

  • check
  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

  • sentence
  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

  • check
  • 505

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

  • fil
  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

  • fil
  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    8 How much money does he ?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    4 You should your homework now.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

  • sentence
  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

  • fil
  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.

    Exercise 23

  • check
  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 24

  • fil
  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

  • sentence
  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.