Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    20 It feels great!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    2 Take a look at this!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    1 What are you watching?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    8 We met several times.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    10 We got there at seven.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    6 0.05 seconds
    8 9,756,004
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    4 3,500
    2 He was 52nd.
    9 in the year 2015
    5 4.6,000,000
    10 in the 1980s
    3 246 people
    11 bus number 102

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    13 When did you see him? last week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    7 What did they want? more money
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    2 They love to sing.
    4 He continued to read.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    8 It will be hard to solve.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    12 Go down this road.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    5 The worst is behind us.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    9 He sits in front of the TV.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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  • 497

    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    3 I got it my friend.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    7 He died the age 95.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    5 Can you tell me more it?

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    14 He it to her happy.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    4 You should your homework now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    8 How much money does he ?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    6 We will find some place.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.