Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    8 We met several times.
    20 It feels great!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    2 Take a look at this!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    1 What are you watching?

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    10 We got there at seven.
    11 He's got no children.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    7 Do they agree?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?
    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?
    3 Can they help us?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    10 in the 1980s
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883
    11 bus number 102
    3 246 people
    4 3,500
    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    13 When did you see him? last week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    7 What did they want? more money
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    10 Did you have a good time? great time

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    6 There's too much water.
    8 There were more people.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.
    1 She's feeling good.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    2 They love to sing.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    12 Go down this road.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    3 I got it my friend.
    7 He died the age 95.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    1 How many/much will it cost?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    6 Do you any sports?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    14 He it to her happy.
    8 How much money does he ?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    4 What things do you like?
    8 I'll come time.
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Kolik to stojí?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.