Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    15 He doesn't care about her.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    1 What are you watching?
    8 We met several times.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    20 It feels great!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 We got there at seven.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    5 4.6,000,000
    11 bus number 102
    2 He was 52nd.
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    3 246 people
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    4 3,500
    9 in the year 2015

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    7 What did they want? more money
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    2 She should tell them.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    6 she, sit between us
    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    1 She's feeling good.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    4 He continued to read.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    10 I'm ready for anything.
    2 You are among friends.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    4 Can I have a glass water?
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    13 I go to see him time time.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    7 He died the age 95.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    3 I got it my friend.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    9 It should take only little/few time.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    3 There will be many/much people.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    15 Stop fun of me!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    14 He it to her happy.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    4 You should your homework now.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    10 Kolik to stojí?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.