Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    20 It feels great!
    8 We met several times.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    2 Take a look at this!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    8 9,756,004
    3 246 people
    9 in the year 2015
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    5 4.6,000,000
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    7 What did they want? more money
    13 When did you see him? last week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    9 What did you drink? only tea

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    1 he, speak about it
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    3 It's snowing.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    5 We love it when we go out.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    12 Go down this road.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    2 You are among friends.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    7 He died the age 95.
    3 I got it my friend.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    7 There were less/fewer people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    6 Do you any sports?
    8 How much money does he ?
    14 He it to her happy.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    15 Stop fun of me!

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.