Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    14 She keeps talking about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    20 It feels great!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    8 We met several times.
    1 What are you watching?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    2 Take a look at this!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    19 That sounds interesting.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    6 0.05 seconds
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    4 3,500
    9 in the year 2015
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    3 246 people
    8 9,756,004
    11 bus number 102

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    13 When did you see him? last week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    3 she, send us, messages
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    1 She's feeling good.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.
    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    1 He likes to play games.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    2 They love to sing.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    7 It should be easy to repair.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    12 Go down this road.
    2 You are among friends.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    4 Can I have a glass water?
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    3 I got it my friend.
    7 He died the age 95.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    12 I speak very little/few English.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    4 I tried it many/much times.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    6 Do you any sports?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    14 He it to her happy.
    4 You should your homework now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    3 What will you need?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    6 Jdeš s námi?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.