Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    18 There's no need to worry.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    8 We met several times.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    2 Take a look at this!
    20 It feels great!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    1 What are you watching?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    11 He's got no children.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    7 Do they agree?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    8 Should I tell her?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    12 phone number 670098883
    3 246 people
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    11 bus number 102
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    5 4.6,000,000
    9 in the year 2015
    6 0.05 seconds
    10 in the 1980s
    7 35,785

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    13 When did you see him? last week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.
    6 There's too much water.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    1 He likes to play games.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    3 It's just around the corner.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    2 You are among friends.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    12 Go down this road.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    3 I got it my friend.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    7 He died the age 95.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    8 How much money does he ?
    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    8 I'll come time.
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.