Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    12 She never speaks to me.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    20 It feels great!
    1 What are you watching?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    8 We met several times.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    2 Take a look at this!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 I'm watching the news.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    10 We got there at seven.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    1 Are you hungry?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    8 9,756,004
    4 3,500
    9 in the year 2015
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883
    2 He was 52nd.
    11 bus number 102
    3 246 people

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    7 What did they want? more money
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    13 When did you see him? last week

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    6 she, sit between us
    5 I, give him, the money
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    8 It will be hard to solve.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    2 They love to sing.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    2 You are among friends.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    3 I got it my friend.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    7 He died the age 95.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    3 There will be many/much people.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    8 How much money does he ?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    4 You should your homework now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    14 He it to her happy.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    6 Do you any sports?
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    10 Kolik to stojí?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.