Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    19 That sounds interesting.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    8 We met several times.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    2 Take a look at this!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    1 What are you watching?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    20 It feels great!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    10 We got there at seven.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    10 in the 1980s
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    12 phone number 670098883
    8 9,756,004
    5 4.6,000,000
    6 0.05 seconds
    4 3,500
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    9 in the year 2015
    11 bus number 102

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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  • 486

    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    8 There were more people.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    2 She should tell them.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    4 He continued to read.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    2 You are among friends.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    12 Go down this road.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    3 I got it my friend.
    7 He died the age 95.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • b We met on the bus.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    17 He should get other/another chance.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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  • 509

    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    4 You should your homework now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    8 How much money does he ?
    14 He it to her happy.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    5 I need to a phone call.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    6 We will find some place.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    10 Kolik to stojí?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.