Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    14 She keeps talking about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    8 We met several times.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    2 Take a look at this!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    20 It feels great!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    4 She knew nothing about it.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    11 He's got no children.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    7 Do they agree?
    6 Will you be there?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    12 phone number 670098883
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    8 9,756,004
    7 35,785
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    6 0.05 seconds
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    11 bus number 102
    5 4.6,000,000
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    7 What did they want? more money
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    2 my parents, know
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    6 He's coming.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    1 He likes to play games.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    12 Go down this road.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    2 You are among friends.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    7 He died the age 95.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    3 I got it my friend.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    13 I go to see him time time.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    16 It'll be many/much better.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    4 You should your homework now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    6 Jdeš s námi?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.