Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    10 What time does your plane land?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    8 We met several times.
    1 What are you watching?
    2 Take a look at this!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    20 It feels great!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    10 Am I right?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    12 phone number 670098883
    3 246 people
    4 3,500
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    11 bus number 102
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    9 in the year 2015
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    10 in the 1980s

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    7 What did they want? more money
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    13 When did you see him? last week

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    1 He likes to play games.
    7 It should be easy to repair.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    3 I got it my friend.
    7 He died the age 95.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    5 Can you tell me more it?

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    16 It'll be many/much better.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    3 There will be many/much people.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    8 How much money does he ?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    6 Do you any sports?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    14 He it to her happy.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    6 We will find some place.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?
    4 What things do you like?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.