Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    8 We met several times.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    2 Take a look at this!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    1 What are you watching?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    20 It feels great!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    2 He was 52nd.
    10 in the 1980s
    9 in the year 2015
    11 bus number 102
    12 phone number 670098883
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    4 3,500
    3 246 people

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    9 What did you drink? only tea
    13 When did you see him? last week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    1 He speaks English.
    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    9 he, not like the food
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    3 she, send us, messages
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    3 Music started to play.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    2 You are among friends.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    3 It's just around the corner.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    7 He died the age 95.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    3 I got it my friend.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • e No, I won't be able to.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    7 There were less/fewer people.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    14 He it to her happy.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    4 You should your homework now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    8 How much money does he ?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.