Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    1 What are you watching?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    8 We met several times.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    2 Take a look at this!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    20 It feels great!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    9 Is this your first time here?

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    8 She's afraid of flying.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    2 Does he know?
    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    3 Can they help us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    7 Do they agree?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    8 9,756,004
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    3 246 people
    6 0.05 seconds
    4 3,500
    9 in the year 2015
    5 4.6,000,000

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

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    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.
    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    1 She's feeling good.
    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    3 Music started to play.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    4 He continued to read.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    3 I got it my friend.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    7 He died the age 95.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    4 I tried it many/much times.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    12 I speak very little/few English.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    14 He it to her happy.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    4 You should your homework now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte.

    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.