Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    8 We met several times.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    20 It feels great!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    1 What are you watching?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    19 That sounds interesting.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    10 We got there at seven.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    10 Am I right?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    2 Does he know?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s
    11 bus number 102
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    2 He was 52nd.
    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    8 9,756,004
    4 3,500
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    10 We'll be able to come.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

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    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound

    Exercise 9

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    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    10 I'm drinking beer.
    6 He's coming.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    5 School is beginning.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    2 You are among friends.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    5 Can you tell me more it?
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    3 I got it my friend.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    7 He died the age 95.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    4 I tried it many/much times.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    6 Do you any sports?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    14 He it to her happy.
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    6 We will find some place.
    3 What will you need?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    8 I'll come time.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.