Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    8 We met several times.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    1 What are you watching?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    2 Take a look at this!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    20 It feels great!

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    6 Will you be there?
    5 Is she coming too?
    7 Do they agree?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    5 4.6,000,000
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    4 3,500
    6 0.05 seconds
    9 in the year 2015
    8 9,756,004
    11 bus number 102
    10 in the 1980s
    7 35,785
    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    13 When did you see him? last week

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    8 There were more people.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.
    2 Bob is trying hard.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    7 It should be easy to repair.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    2 You are among friends.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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  • 495

    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    7 He died the age 95.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    3 I got it my friend.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    1 How many/much will it cost?

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    14 He it to her happy.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    6 Do you any sports?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    4 You should your homework now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    8 How much money does he ?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    10 Kolik to stojí?
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    13 John tam chodí každý den.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.