Exercises

Exercise 1

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  • 477

    • Přeložte do češtiny.

    10 What time does your plane land?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    8 We met several times.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    1 What are you watching?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    20 It feels great!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.

    Feel je cítit nebo cítit se, ale lze jej užít i pro popis pocitu, který něco vyvolává. Např. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Studí to. ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 479

    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    10 We got there at seven.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 3

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  • 480

    • Odpovězte celou větou kladně a potom záporně.

    1 Are you hungry?
    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    5 Is she coming too?
    10 Am I right?
    9 Could he do it for us?

    Right znamená správný či správně, ale lze ho užít i v ujišťovacích dotazech. Např. Is that right? - Je to tak? či pouze Right? - Že (ano)?

    Exercise 4

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  • 482

    • Napište anglicky celými slovy číselné údaje.

    3 246 people
    7 35,785
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883
    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500
    8 9,756,004
    10 in the 1980s
    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    5 4.6,000,000

    V psané angličtině (v novinách ap.) můžete často u částek a hodnot narazit na zkratky K či k pro tisíc (z anglického kilo) a M či m pro milion (million). Např.: They spent $2.5M. - “Utratili 2,5 milionu dolarů.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolarů.” Podobně se užívá i zkratka B či bn pro miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

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  • 484

    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy.

    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    7 What did they want? more money
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    9 What did you drink? only tea

    Sloveso hire lze v britské angličtině užít i pro člověka i věc. V americké angličtině se ale hire užívá jen o pracovnících. Pro pronájem věcí (půjčování za peníze) se v USA užívá rent. Např.: We rented a car. - Půjčili jsme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

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    • Utvořte věty opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    9 They could help us.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.

    Exercise 7

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  • 487

    • Utvořte věty oznamovací v čase přítomném, budoucím a minulém prostém.

    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

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  • 488

    • Řekněte anglicky. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 To je (ale) škoda!
    pity
    4 Vypadá to zajímavě.
    look
    3 Ať mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    1 To zní dobře!
    sound
    2 Pojďme ke mně (domů)!
    my place
    7 To bude mnohem lepší.
    better
    5 Neříkej mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požádej ji, ať přijde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádejme se!
    let, argue
    9 Hezky to voní.
    smell

    Exercise 9

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  • 489

    • Převeďte věty do času přítomného prostého a minulého prostého.

    5 School is beginning.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    4 She's making dinner.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte 2. či 3. stupeň přídavných jmen.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.

    Pozor na předložku: be good at ... - být dobrý v... Např.: He's good at it. - Jde mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vůbec nejde. Slovo even se užívá ke zdůraznění jako české ještě nebo dokonce či v záporu jako ani. Např. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani se nerozloučil. ap.

    Exercise 11

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  • 492

    • Použijte gerundium k vytvoření věty obdobného významu.

    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

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  • 493

    • Přeložte. Soustřeďte se na předložky.

    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.

    Zaklepat na něco je anglicky to knock on, např. He knocked on the door., ale pokud někdo stojí u dveří a klepe, užije se běžně i at the door. Ustálené spojení to answer the door pak znamená: (jít) otevřít (někomu, kdo klepe či zvoní).

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte správnou předložku.

    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.

    Rozkaz: Meet me ... lze česky přeložit jako Sejdeme se ... (tam a tam).

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu nejvhodnější předložky či spojky.

    14 He speaks about it every occasion.
    4 Can I have a glass water?
    7 He died the age 95.
    8 There were thousands people in the streets.
    10 I'm going to stay three days.
    2 I met her the bus my way to work.
    9 It will cost more two thousand dollars.
    1 We'll go car to be there time.
    13 I go to see him time time.
    11 Hurry up! Our bus leaves ten minutes.
    12 You should do it soon possible.
    5 Can you tell me more it?
    3 I got it my friend.
    6 She looks happier yesterday. She was very sad.

    Užitečné předložkové spojení: without somebody's knowing - bez něčího vědomí. Např.: He did it without my knowing. - Udělal to bez mého vědomí.

    Exercise 15

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je delší cesta pro zábavu podniknutá po silnici (hl. autem). Např.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Objeli jsme autem USA.

    Exercise 16

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  • 501

    • Vyberte správné slovo.

    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    2 I don't eat many/much meat.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.

    Látková podstatná jména jako tea, coffee, beer ap., jsou sice obecně nepočitatelná, ale pokud hovoříme o konkrétních porcích, druzích ap., jde již o slovo počitatelné. Takže např. You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobně I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

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  • 503

    • Přeložte pomocí účelového infinitivu.

    7 Řekni jim, aby na nás nečekali. tell, wait
    5 Jsem tady, abych si s ní promluvil. speak to
    9 Učím se anglicky, abych rozuměl cizincům. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chci, abys to udělal hned. want you, do, right now
    4 Abys měl peníze, musíš pracovat. work, have money
    3 Volám, abych ti řekl... call, tell
    2 Řekni jí, ať počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratrovi, aby mě odvezl na letiště. call, take, to the airport
    13 Prosila mě, abych jí dal další šanci. ask, give, chance
    6 Potřebuji, abys mi pomohl. need you, help
    12 Beru si taxi, abych nepřišel pozdě. take, taxi, be late
    10 Musíme si pospíšit, abychom tam byli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požádej ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Potkali se náhodou.

    Exercise 18

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.

    Nezaměňujte užití slov feel (cítit - dotykem, mít pocit) a smell (cítit - čichem)! Např.: Can you smell it? - “Cítíš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtině neutrální - být cítit (čím). Např. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítit po benzínu.” Spojení smell good/nice je vonět a smell bad páchnout, smrdět. Někdy má ale již samotné smell negativní kontext. Např.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdí ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

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  • 507

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with ... je souhlasit s..., ale: agree on ... znamená dohodnout se na... (čem). Lze užít též vazbu agree to (do) ... Zvolání Agreed! əˈgriːd je česky Platí!, Domluveno! či Souhlas!

    Exercise 20

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    6 Do you any sports?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    8 How much money does he ?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her happy.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimněte si, jak se anglické sloveso do pojí s podstatnými jmény končícími na -ing (často gerundiem). Vzniká tak mnoho užitečných obratů jako např. do the washing up - umýt nádobí, do the cleaning - uklidit, Let me do the talking. - Nech mluvit mě., I did a lot of thinking. - Hodně jsem přemýšlel. ap.

    Exercise 21

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  • 511

    • Řekněte anglicky za pomoci gerundia. Použijte nápovědy.

    1 Díváš se rád na televizi? watch TV
    6 Kdy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Umíš si představit, že bys tady zůstal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmínil se, že pojede do Londýna. mention, go to London
    8 Mrzí mě, že jsem to řekl. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepší než sedět doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi pořád volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Zkoušej to dál! keep, try
    2 Raději cestuji vlakem. prefer, travel by train
    10 Stýská se mi po životě na venkově. miss, live in the country

    Slovesem miss lze překládat české chybět, ale pozor na obrácení podmětu a předmětu (jako u českého slovesa postrádat)! Např.: I miss you. - Chybíš mi. (Postrádám tě.), He misses his friends. - Chybí mu jeho přátelé., I'm missing one book. - Chybí mi jedna knížka. Podstatné jméno Miss je česky slečna (před jménem).

    Exercise 22

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  • 513

    • Doplňte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    8 Did you talk to him? Yes, he was here 5 minutes .
    7 I can't hear you well. Can you speak please?
    6 What time will you be back? – I'll you know.
    5 I usually up at seven a.m. but today I slept long.
    3 Will you me up at the airport? – Don't worry, I'll be there.
    13 Sorry, he isn't here the moment. Can I a message?
    9 He has no siblings. He's an child.
    11 He promised to help me but he me down.
    4 It's my first in London. I'm staying my friend's place.
    10 Is he single? No, he has a wife. They married last year.
    2 I wanted to buy it but I was out money.
    12 There's no hurry. We have a of time.
    1 What do you usually go to bed? – At about 11 p.m.

    Exercise 23

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  • 514

    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 24

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  • 515

    • Doplňte podle kontextu slova other, another nebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er se užívá i pro tvoření názvů obyvatel města či místa. Např.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýňan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (vesnice) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (vesničan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nelze ji takto však užít vždy! Např. Pařížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Říman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 25

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  • 517

    • Přeložte.

    12 Jdu nakupovat.
    16 Strávili jsme týden u moře.
    7 Měl bys jí zavolat.
    11 Nepotřebuji to.
    2 Mohl byste mi pomoct?
    8 Kdo ti to řekl?
    20 Prohlédli jsme si památky.
    17 Museli jsme čekat.
    6 Jdeš s námi?
    14 On o tom nesmí vědět.
    9 Vypadá to dobře.
    10 Kolik to stojí?
    3 Jezdí do práce autem.
    4 Proč jsi mi to neposlal?
    5 Měl jsem moc práce.
    15 Přijdu o půl 6.
    19 Nebudu moci přijít.
    1 Kde jsi včera byl?
    18 Nemohl jsem to najít.
    13 John tam chodí každý den.

    Sightseeing je složeno ze sights (památky, pamětihodnosti) a seeing (vidění, dívání se), tedy dívání se na památky. Places to visit jsou místa, která stojí za to navštívit.