Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 595

    • Přeložte.

    12 I've spoken with him.
    4 Have you been here before?
    1 Where have you been?
    16 I haven't bought it yet.
    6 Have we met before?
    14 I've changed my mind.
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    8 I've just read it.
    7 Nobody has heard about it.
    10 They haven't arrived yet.
    13 Have you decided yet?
    2 Have you seen it?
    18 I've known him for years.
    17 What's happened?
    11 Have you eaten?
    15 He hasn't brought it yet.
    5 I've never been there.
    9 We haven't met for months.

    Naučte se obrat I haven't seen you in ages! nebo I haven't seen you for ages! Odpovídá českému “Už jsem tě strašně dlouho neviděl.” ap. Obdobně lze užít obrat I haven't heard from him for ages. - “Už se mi neozval, ani nepamatuji.” ap.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 597

    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte a infinitivy sloves užitých v předpřítomném čase.

    10
    4
    3
    7
    6
    8
    5
    2
    1
    9

    Exercise 3

  • fil
  • 598

    • Doplňte vhodný tvar uvedeného slovesa podle času.

    8 I've tell him about it.
    6 I've hear about it.
    10 I've buy some apples.
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    4 I have see that film.
    5 They've leave already.
    9 Have you send the e-mail?
    2 I haven't speak to him for weeks.
    1 He's break his leg.
    7 We've never be there.

    Exercise 4

  • join
  • 599

    • Spojte položky e-mailu s jejich překlady.

    • 1 Recipient
    • 2 Dear Sir/Madam
    • 3 Subject
    • 4 Find attached
    • 5 Please let me know asap.
    • 6 Please confirm receipt
    • 7 Looking forward to your reply
    • 8 Yours faithfully
    • g Dejte mi prosím vědět co nejdříve.
    • f Těším se na Vaši odpověď
    • b Prosím potvrďte přijetí
    • d Příjemce
    • c Vážená paní / Vážený pane
    • h Předmět
    • a V příloze najdete
    • e S pozdravem

    Při oslovování skupiny osob (organizace, firmy) lze užít: Dear Sirs - “Vážení” ap. Pokud si nejste jisti, zda je adresát muž nebo žena, lze užít: Sir/Madam. Ale pozor! Zvolání: Oh dear! znamená údiv: Ježíši! nebo Pane Bože! ap.

    Exercise 5

  • sentence
  • 601

    • Rozepište stažené tvary na plné. Soustřeďte se na užití be a have.

    7 I've told him.
    10 He's had three beers.
    12 How's it going?
    3 Who's done it?
    9 There's been a lot of time.
    4 Who's there?
    1 What's new?
    2 What's happened?
    6 She's still there.
    11 He's coming too.
    8 There's a problem.
    5 She's been there before.

    Exercise 6

  • fil-table
  • 602

    • Doplňte správné tvary do či make.

    1 Have you the cleaning?
    9 I have only 10 dollars. Will it ?
    10 It no sense.
    2 We have no mistakes.
    14 He's great progress.
    7 How much money did she ?
    8 They've a lot of damage.
    3 I the shopping yesterday.
    12 You've a mess of it!
    15 I need to a phone call.
    4 I've some tea.
    13 We can without them.
    5 I'm my best.
    6 Have you your homework?
    11 What sports do you ?

    Exercise 7

  • check
  • 603

    • Vyberte vhodné části frázových sloves.

    5 Can you pick me out/up/for at the airport?
    4 I'm looking for/after/forward to seeing you.
    7 I don't smoke. I've let/taken/given up smoking.
    8 I'll give you a ride. Get in/on/at the car!
    10 Don't give up! Keep off/on/out trying.
    2 He's very angry. He should calm up/down/in.
    9 We have to check on/for/in at the hotel first.
    6 I don't know, but I will find after/in/out.
    1 She has three kids. She must look at/after/forward them.
    3 We will get in/back/for to that later.

    Exercise 8

  • join
  • 604

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Would you like a sandwich?
    • 2 Is this your first time here?
    • 3 Have you spoken with him?
    • 4 Why isn't she coming?
    • 5 Do we have milk?
    • 6 Have you informed them?
    • 7 Why are you taking a taxi?
    • 8 Do you know this film?
    • c Our car has broken down.
    • d Yes, I've seen it twice.
    • g No, I've been here before.
    • e No, thanks. I've eaten.
    • f She's changed her mind.
    • a Yes, he called an hour ago.
    • b Yes, I've bought some.
    • h I've sent them an e-mail.

    Slovo before je v angličtině nejen předložka (před), ale také příslovce znamenající (už) předtím, (už) dříve. Vyskytuje se typicky na konci věty a často se pojí s předpřítomným či předminulým časem. Např.: I have never been here before. - “Ještě jsem tady nikdy nebyl.”, It's happened before. - Už k tomu dříve došlo. ap.

    Exercise 9

  • fil
  • 606

    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 He hasn't replied my e-mail.
    5 Send it this address.
    10 whom it may concern
    4 She's gone out lunch.
    9 Stop doing it! I'm tired it.
    1 She was tired. She's gone bed.
    7 Please confirm receipt this message.
    8 I need to log , but I don't know the password.
    2 I haven't heard from him weeks.
    6 I don't smoke. I've given smoking.

    Exercise 10

  • sentence-color-r
  • 607

    • Utvořte ze slov věty v předpřítomném čase.

    4
    I, make, dinner
    7
    he, not, find it
    1
    she, break, her arm
    8
    why, you, come here?
    2
    my parents, not arrive yet
    3
    I, cut, myself
    6
    you, do, the dishes?
    5
    they, not, send it
    9
    she, speak, with him

    Exercise 11

  • fil
  • 608

    • Doplňte podle kontextu čas minulý prostý nebo předpřítomný.

    2 We meet a month ago, but I not speak with him since then.
    5 I write to him a week ago, but he not reply yet.
    9 They spend the last week at the seaside, but I go to the mountains.
    3 She lose her key, but she find it already.
    1 I was tired. I go to bed early.
    7 I send 10 e-mails today, but I not send any yesterday.
    6 She know about it, but she not go there yesterday.
    11 She promise to call, but she not call yet.
    10 He not eat his breakfast this morning. He not eat for almost two days.
    4 I not see John last week.
    8 you watch the film last night? No, I not see it yet.

    Čas minulý prostý (past simple) je vymezen konkrétním časem nebo časovým úsekem v minulosti bez souvislosti s přítomností, zatímco čas předpřítomný (present perfect) svým dějem nějak zasahuje z minulosti do přítomnosti, nebo říká, že daný časový úsek, v němž něco nastalo nebo může nastat, ještě není ukončený.

    Exercise 12

  • check
  • 610

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo. Soustřeďte se na užité fráze.

    4 She's arrived at the airport. I must get/pick/check her up.
    3 I don't understand it. It doesn't give/do/make sense.
    5 He hasn't made any promise/progress/problems. His English is still bad.
    1 The radio is disturbing/interesting/cancelling me. Can you turn it off?
    7 We're going nowhere. I've refused/joined/cancelled our reservation.
    9 Did he get your message? – I don't know. He hasn't confirmed/cancelled/switched receipt yet.
    2 The computer won't start. I think it's broken down/taken out/checked out.
    8 We'll do it ourselves. We can do with/without/after their help.
    6 They haven't checked off/checked out/logged out of the hotel yet.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu?: Mother: Doctor, my son has eaten my pen! What can I do? ... Doctor: Use a pencil!

    Exercise 13

  • fil
  • 612

    • Doplňte vhodné frázové sloveso.

    2 The computer is still on. He's forgotten to it off.
    7 I'm hot. I need to off my jacket.
    6 I can't hear the radio. Can you it up?
    4 He can't wait for you to come. He's to seeing you.
    3 I didn't tell her, but she knows! How did she out?
    5 Keep trying! Don't up. You can do it.
    9 I'll be right with you. on a minute!
    8 I can't read it. I must on my glasses.
    1 I missed my stop. I forgot to off the bus.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat I'll be right with you. - “Hned jsem u vás.”

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 614

    • Přeložte pomocí času předpřítomného. Využijte nápovědu.

    1 Nikdy v Londýně nebyl. to
    9 Už jste se někdy setkali? meet
    7 Jak dlouho už tu jsi? how long
    4 Ještě jsem to neviděl. not, yet
    5 Zlomil si ruku. arm
    6 Znám ho už 5 let. for 5 years
    2 Už odešla. leave
    8 Už je to dlouho. long time
    3 Už jsi to četl? read, yet
    10 Už jste jedli? eat

    Exercise 15

  • fil
  • 615

    • Doplňte since, for, yet nebo already.

    7 Are you ready? - Not .
    3 I've done that .
    4 We've lived here last year.
    5 They haven't arrived .
    8 Are you leaving ? - Yes I have to go.
    2 Have you cleaned ?
    1 I've been here two hours.
    6 She's worked here five years.

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 616

    • Řekněte anglicky.

    9 Už odcházíte?
    10 Nikdy jsem tam nebyl.
    8 Bydlíme tady od roku 1990.
    12 Už? – Ještě ne!
    7 Jak dlouho už tam pracuješ?
    2 Nic se nezměnilo. (zatím)
    6 Ještě jsem neskončil.
    11 Ještě to nenašel.
    4 Už jsi jí to řekl?
    3 Ještě to neposlal.
    1 Už jsem jedl.
    5 Znám ho už roky.

    Stejný význam jako frázová slovesa turn on (zapnout) a turn off (vypnout) mají v angličtině switch on a switch off. Všimněte si, že se v nich vyskytují stejné předložky (částice). Samotné ON znamená zapnutý a OFF je vypnutý.