Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    5 I've never been there.
    14 I've changed my mind.
    3 She hasn't come yet.
    9 We haven't met for months.
    10 They haven't arrived yet.
    12 I've spoken with him.
    7 Nobody has heard about it.
    15 He hasn't brought it yet.
    13 Have you decided yet?
    2 Have you seen it?
    8 I've just read it.
    6 Have we met before?
    18 I've known him for years.
    4 Have you been here before?
    1 Where have you been?
    17 What's happened?
    16 I haven't bought it yet.
    11 Have you eaten?

    Naučte se obrat I haven't seen you in ages! nebo I haven't seen you for ages! Odpovídá českému “Už jsem tě strašně dlouho neviděl.” ap. Obdobně lze užít obrat I haven't heard from him for ages. - “Už se mi neozval, ani nepamatuji.” ap.

    Exercise 2

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  • 597

    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte a infinitivy sloves užitých v předpřítomném čase.

    5
    8
    3
    4
    6
    9
    7
    1
    10
    2

    Exercise 3

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    • Doplňte vhodný tvar uvedeného slovesa podle času.

    8 I've tell him about it.
    10 I've buy some apples.
    9 Have you send the e-mail?
    5 They've leave already.
    2 I haven't speak to him for weeks.
    6 I've hear about it.
    4 I have see that film.
    1 He's break his leg.
    7 We've never be there.
    3 She hasn't come yet.

    Exercise 4

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  • 599

    • Spojte položky e-mailu s jejich překlady.

    • 1 Recipient
    • 2 Dear Sir/Madam
    • 3 Subject
    • 4 Find attached
    • 5 Please let me know asap.
    • 6 Please confirm receipt
    • 7 Looking forward to your reply
    • 8 Yours faithfully
    • f Těším se na Vaši odpověď
    • a V příloze najdete
    • c Vážená paní / Vážený pane
    • h Předmět
    • e S pozdravem
    • g Dejte mi prosím vědět co nejdříve.
    • b Prosím potvrďte přijetí
    • d Příjemce

    Při oslovování skupiny osob (organizace, firmy) lze užít: Dear Sirs - “Vážení” ap. Pokud si nejste jisti, zda je adresát muž nebo žena, lze užít: Sir/Madam. Ale pozor! Zvolání: Oh dear! znamená údiv: Ježíši! nebo Pane Bože! ap.

    Exercise 5

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  • 601

    • Rozepište stažené tvary na plné. Soustřeďte se na užití be a have.

    12 How's it going?
    3 Who's done it?
    11 He's coming too.
    4 Who's there?
    10 He's had three beers.
    8 There's a problem.
    5 She's been there before.
    7 I've told him.
    1 What's new?
    9 There's been a lot of time.
    2 What's happened?
    6 She's still there.

    Exercise 6

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  • 602

    • Doplňte správné tvary do či make.

    7 How much money did she ?
    6 Have you your homework?
    10 It no sense.
    3 I the shopping yesterday.
    12 You've a mess of it!
    13 We can without them.
    15 I need to a phone call.
    1 Have you the cleaning?
    8 They've a lot of damage.
    4 I've some tea.
    9 I have only 10 dollars. Will it ?
    2 We have no mistakes.
    5 I'm my best.
    11 What sports do you ?
    14 He's great progress.

    Exercise 7

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  • 603

    • Vyberte vhodné části frázových sloves.

    5 Can you pick me out/up/for at the airport?
    7 I don't smoke. I've let/taken/given up smoking.
    9 We have to check on/for/in at the hotel first.
    10 Don't give up! Keep off/on/out trying.
    1 She has three kids. She must look at/after/forward them.
    8 I'll give you a ride. Get in/on/at the car!
    4 I'm looking for/after/forward to seeing you.
    2 He's very angry. He should calm up/down/in.
    6 I don't know, but I will find after/in/out.
    3 We will get in/back/for to that later.

    Exercise 8

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  • 604

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 Would you like a sandwich?
    • 2 Is this your first time here?
    • 3 Have you spoken with him?
    • 4 Why isn't she coming?
    • 5 Do we have milk?
    • 6 Have you informed them?
    • 7 Why are you taking a taxi?
    • 8 Do you know this film?
    • c Our car has broken down.
    • a Yes, he called an hour ago.
    • e No, thanks. I've eaten.
    • f She's changed her mind.
    • h I've sent them an e-mail.
    • d Yes, I've seen it twice.
    • b Yes, I've bought some.
    • g No, I've been here before.

    Slovo before je v angličtině nejen předložka (před), ale také příslovce znamenající (už) předtím, (už) dříve. Vyskytuje se typicky na konci věty a často se pojí s předpřítomným či předminulým časem. Např.: I have never been here before. - “Ještě jsem tady nikdy nebyl.”, It's happened before. - Už k tomu dříve došlo. ap.

    Exercise 9

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  • 606

    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 Please confirm receipt this message.
    4 She's gone out lunch.
    6 I don't smoke. I've given smoking.
    8 I need to log , but I don't know the password.
    10 whom it may concern
    2 I haven't heard from him weeks.
    3 He hasn't replied my e-mail.
    5 Send it this address.
    1 She was tired. She's gone bed.
    9 Stop doing it! I'm tired it.

    Exercise 10

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  • 607

    • Utvořte ze slov věty v předpřítomném čase.

    5
    they, not, send it
    8
    why, you, come here?
    9
    she, speak, with him
    3
    I, cut, myself
    4
    I, make, dinner
    7
    he, not, find it
    6
    you, do, the dishes?
    2
    my parents, not arrive yet
    1
    she, break, her arm

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu čas minulý prostý nebo předpřítomný.

    2 We meet a month ago, but I not speak with him since then.
    5 I write to him a week ago, but he not reply yet.
    9 They spend the last week at the seaside, but I go to the mountains.
    7 I send 10 e-mails today, but I not send any yesterday.
    3 She lose her key, but she find it already.
    4 I not see John last week.
    1 I was tired. I go to bed early.
    11 She promise to call, but she not call yet.
    6 She know about it, but she not go there yesterday.
    8 you watch the film last night? No, I not see it yet.
    10 He not eat his breakfast this morning. He not eat for almost two days.

    Čas minulý prostý (past simple) je vymezen konkrétním časem nebo časovým úsekem v minulosti bez souvislosti s přítomností, zatímco čas předpřítomný (present perfect) svým dějem nějak zasahuje z minulosti do přítomnosti, nebo říká, že daný časový úsek, v němž něco nastalo nebo může nastat, ještě není ukončený.

    Exercise 12

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  • 610

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo. Soustřeďte se na užité fráze.

    2 The computer won't start. I think it's broken down/taken out/checked out.
    5 He hasn't made any promise/progress/problems. His English is still bad.
    4 She's arrived at the airport. I must get/pick/check her up.
    8 We'll do it ourselves. We can do with/without/after their help.
    7 We're going nowhere. I've refused/joined/cancelled our reservation.
    3 I don't understand it. It doesn't give/do/make sense.
    6 They haven't checked off/checked out/logged out of the hotel yet.
    1 The radio is disturbing/interesting/cancelling me. Can you turn it off?
    9 Did he get your message? – I don't know. He hasn't confirmed/cancelled/switched receipt yet.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumíte vtipu?: Mother: Doctor, my son has eaten my pen! What can I do? ... Doctor: Use a pencil!

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte vhodné frázové sloveso.

    3 I didn't tell her, but she knows! How did she out?
    1 I missed my stop. I forgot to off the bus.
    6 I can't hear the radio. Can you it up?
    5 Keep trying! Don't up. You can do it.
    9 I'll be right with you. on a minute!
    4 He can't wait for you to come. He's to seeing you.
    8 I can't read it. I must on my glasses.
    7 I'm hot. I need to off my jacket.
    2 The computer is still on. He's forgotten to it off.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat I'll be right with you. - “Hned jsem u vás.”

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte pomocí času předpřítomného. Využijte nápovědu.

    6 Znám ho už 5 let. for 5 years
    5 Zlomil si ruku. arm
    2 Už odešla. leave
    4 Ještě jsem to neviděl. not, yet
    1 Nikdy v Londýně nebyl. to
    10 Už jste jedli? eat
    8 Už je to dlouho. long time
    3 Už jsi to četl? read, yet
    7 Jak dlouho už tu jsi? how long
    9 Už jste se někdy setkali? meet

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte since, for, yet nebo already.

    7 Are you ready? - Not .
    1 I've been here two hours.
    5 They haven't arrived .
    8 Are you leaving ? - Yes I have to go.
    3 I've done that .
    4 We've lived here last year.
    6 She's worked here five years.
    2 Have you cleaned ?

    Exercise 16

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  • 616

    • Řekněte anglicky.

    4 Už jsi jí to řekl?
    7 Jak dlouho už tam pracuješ?
    11 Ještě to nenašel.
    2 Nic se nezměnilo. (zatím)
    9 Už odcházíte?
    1 Už jsem jedl.
    12 Už? – Ještě ne!
    10 Nikdy jsem tam nebyl.
    8 Bydlíme tady od roku 1990.
    3 Ještě to neposlal.
    6 Ještě jsem neskončil.
    5 Znám ho už roky.

    Stejný význam jako frázová slovesa turn on (zapnout) a turn off (vypnout) mají v angličtině switch on a switch off. Všimněte si, že se v nich vyskytují stejné předložky (částice). Samotné ON znamená zapnutý a OFF je vypnutý.