Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    2 I work for myself.
    7 What is meant by that?
    8 What is it called in English?
    1 What do you do for a living?
    12 They were fired.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    5 He started his own business.
    6 She applied for a job.
    3 I'm an employee.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    10 This word is not used often.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    6 Jack got the job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    8 John has already found a job.
    7 I make more money now.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    1 Jane works for herself.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.
    • f Naštval se.
    • h Štve mě to.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.
    • a Ochlazuje se.
    • d Nelepší se to.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    2 The house sell last week.

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky
    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place
    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you
    4 To rád slyším. glad
    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things
    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised
    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • g She lost her job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • h He's better off now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • f She's trying to find employment.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    6 He promoted her.
    9 You can eat it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    1 They saw her there.
    3 She sent the message.
    5 They made him do it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    13 They hired two employees.
    8 They gave us some money.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

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    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    7 106
    1 2/3
    3 5/9
    6 53
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    4 1/2
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    12 3,650,500
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    5 32
    11 0.25
    2 3/4

    Exercise 11

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    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    4 Lepšíš se. better
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty
    11 Rozčílil se. angry
    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult
    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired
    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse
    16 Brzy se unavila. tired
    3 Opili se. drunk
    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad
    7 Proslavila se. famous
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid
    1 Stmívá se. dark

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.

    Exercise 13

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    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    5 we, food, bring to our room
    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her
    2 my parents, new house, build
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    3 they, room, clean
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    7 Jak se to dělá?
    1 Čím se živíte?
    17 Dostal padáka.
    4 Byl povýšen.
    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    12 Dostala padáka.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.
    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    6 Byli potrestáni.
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.
    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.
    3 Dělám sám na sebe.
    2 Pracuji jako účetní.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.
    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.