Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 644

    • Přeložte.

    1 What do you do for a living?
    8 What is it called in English?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    10 This word is not used often.
    5 He started his own business.
    6 She applied for a job.
    12 They were fired.
    2 I work for myself.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    3 I'm an employee.
    7 What is meant by that?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

  • check
  • 646

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    8 John has already found a job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    7 I make more money now.
    6 Jack got the job.

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 647

    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • h Štve mě to.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.
    • d Nelepší se to.
    • f Naštval se.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.
    • a Ochlazuje se.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 648

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 650

    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    2 The house sell last week.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 652

    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things
    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky
    4 To rád slyším. glad
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you
    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised
    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother
    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot
    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 653

    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • g She lost her job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • h He's better off now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • d She's better paid now.

    Exercise 8

  • fil
  • 654

    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .

    Exercise 9

  • sentence
  • 655

    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Nobody ever found it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    14 Our company employed him.
    13 They hired two employees.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    2 Many workers use it.
    6 He promoted her.
    3 She sent the message.
    1 They saw her there.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    5 They made him do it.
    9 You can eat it.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 657

    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    1 2/3
    4 1/2
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    12 3,650,500
    3 5/9
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    5 32
    2 3/4
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    7 106
    11 0.25
    6 53

    Exercise 11

  • fil-table
  • 658

    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad
    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    16 Brzy se unavila. tired
    7 Proslavila se. famous
    4 Lepšíš se. better
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid
    3 Opili se. drunk
    1 Stmívá se. dark
    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse
    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    11 Rozčílil se. angry
    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult

    Exercise 12

  • fil-table
  • 659

    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 660

    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    2 my parents, new house, build
    1 I, car, repair
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    4 he, fire her
    6 she, hair, cut
    8 we, the table, make
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    3 they, room, clean

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 661

    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.
    12 Dostala padáka.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    7 Jak se to dělá?
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.
    4 Byl povýšen.
    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.
    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.
    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    17 Dostal padáka.
    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    2 Pracuji jako účetní.
    6 Byli potrestáni.
    3 Dělám sám na sebe.
    1 Čím se živíte?

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.