Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 644

    • Přeložte.

    5 He started his own business.
    10 This word is not used often.
    3 I'm an employee.
    7 What is meant by that?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    8 What is it called in English?
    1 What do you do for a living?
    6 She applied for a job.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    2 I work for myself.
    12 They were fired.

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

  • check
  • 646

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    6 Jack got the job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    8 John has already found a job.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 647

    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • h Štve mě to.
    • d Nelepší se to.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • f Naštval se.
    • a Ochlazuje se.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 648

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 650

    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    2 The house sell last week.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 652

    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised
    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things
    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place
    4 To rád slyším. glad
    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you
    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot
    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother
    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 653

    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • g She lost her job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • h He's better off now.
    • b She's her own boss.

    Exercise 8

  • fil
  • 654

    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    4 They got married. – They got .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 9

  • sentence
  • 655

    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Nobody ever found it.
    9 You can eat it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    8 They gave us some money.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    13 They hired two employees.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    5 They made him do it.
    1 They saw her there.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    14 Our company employed him.
    6 He promoted her.
    2 Many workers use it.
    3 She sent the message.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 657

    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    12 3,650,500
    1 2/3
    4 1/2
    6 53
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    7 106
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    5 32
    2 3/4
    11 0.25
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    3 5/9

    Exercise 11

  • fil-table
  • 658

    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse
    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    4 Lepšíš se. better
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid
    1 Stmívá se. dark
    7 Proslavila se. famous
    16 Brzy se unavila. tired
    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    11 Rozčílil se. angry
    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty
    3 Opili se. drunk
    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad

    Exercise 12

  • fil-table
  • 659

    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 660

    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    4 he, fire her
    6 she, hair, cut
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    8 we, the table, make
    3 they, room, clean
    1 I, car, repair
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    2 my parents, new house, build

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 661

    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    6 Byli potrestáni.
    1 Čím se živíte?
    4 Byl povýšen.
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.
    17 Dostal padáka.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    7 Jak se to dělá?
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.
    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    12 Dostala padáka.
    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    2 Pracuji jako účetní.
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.
    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?
    3 Dělám sám na sebe.
    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.