Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    2 I work for myself.
    12 They were fired.
    10 This word is not used often.
    3 I'm an employee.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    5 He started his own business.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    7 What is meant by that?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    6 She applied for a job.
    8 What is it called in English?

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Jack got the job.
    8 John has already found a job.
    7 I make more money now.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • f Naštval se.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • a Ochlazuje se.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.
    • d Nelepší se to.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.
    • h Štve mě to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    2 The house sell last week.

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky
    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you
    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised
    4 To rád slyším. glad
    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place
    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot
    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother
    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • h He's better off now.
    • g She lost her job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • d She's better paid now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    4 They got married. – They got .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 They saw her there.
    6 He promoted her.
    14 Our company employed him.
    13 They hired two employees.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    9 You can eat it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    8 They gave us some money.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    3 She sent the message.
    2 Many workers use it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    5 They made him do it.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

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    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    12 3,650,500
    2 3/4
    11 0.25
    7 106
    3 5/9
    5 32
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    1 2/3
    4 1/2
    6 53

    Exercise 11

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    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult
    16 Brzy se unavila. tired
    4 Lepšíš se. better
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse
    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty
    3 Opili se. drunk
    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    1 Stmívá se. dark
    7 Proslavila se. famous
    11 Rozčílil se. angry
    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid
    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .

    Exercise 13

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    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    7 he, his jacket, wash
    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her
    2 my parents, new house, build
    3 they, room, clean
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut
    5 we, food, bring to our room

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    17 Dostal padáka.
    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    4 Byl povýšen.
    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.
    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.
    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?
    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    12 Dostala padáka.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.
    1 Čím se živíte?
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.
    2 Pracuji jako účetní.
    7 Jak se to dělá?
    6 Byli potrestáni.
    3 Dělám sám na sebe.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.