Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 644

    • Přeložte.

    6 She applied for a job.
    12 They were fired.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    5 He started his own business.
    3 I'm an employee.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    10 This word is not used often.
    8 What is it called in English?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    7 What is meant by that?
    2 I work for myself.

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

  • check
  • 646

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Jack got the job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    8 John has already found a job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 647

    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • h Štve mě to.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.
    • d Nelepší se to.
    • a Ochlazuje se.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.
    • f Naštval se.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 648

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 650

    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    2 The house sell last week.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 652

    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things
    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky
    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you
    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother
    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place
    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    4 To rád slyším. glad
    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 653

    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • g She lost her job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • h He's better off now.

    Exercise 8

  • fil
  • 654

    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .

    Exercise 9

  • sentence
  • 655

    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    1 They saw her there.
    8 They gave us some money.
    9 You can eat it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    6 He promoted her.
    3 She sent the message.
    2 Many workers use it.
    5 They made him do it.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 657

    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    9 35 - 20 = 15
    2 3/4
    1 2/3
    5 32
    3 5/9
    12 3,650,500
    7 106
    6 53
    11 0.25
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    4 1/2
    10 27 : 9 = 3

    Exercise 11

  • fil-table
  • 658

    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    16 Brzy se unavila. tired
    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired
    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad
    1 Stmívá se. dark
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid
    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse
    7 Proslavila se. famous
    11 Rozčílil se. angry
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty
    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    4 Lepšíš se. better
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult
    3 Opili se. drunk

    Exercise 12

  • fil-table
  • 659

    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 660

    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    3 they, room, clean
    2 my parents, new house, build
    4 he, fire her
    1 I, car, repair
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut
    5 we, food, bring to our room

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 661

    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    1 Čím se živíte?
    12 Dostala padáka.
    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    2 Pracuji jako účetní.
    6 Byli potrestáni.
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.
    4 Byl povýšen.
    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.
    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.
    3 Dělám sám na sebe.
    7 Jak se to dělá?
    17 Dostal padáka.
    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.