Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    2 I work for myself.
    10 This word is not used often.
    5 He started his own business.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    8 What is it called in English?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    6 She applied for a job.
    12 They were fired.
    3 I'm an employee.
    7 What is meant by that?
    1 What do you do for a living?

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    7 I make more money now.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    8 John has already found a job.
    6 Jack got the job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.

    Exercise 3

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  • 647

    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.
    • h Štve mě to.
    • d Nelepší se to.
    • f Naštval se.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.
    • a Ochlazuje se.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    2 The house sell last week.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things
    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot
    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother
    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky
    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    4 To rád slyším. glad
    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you
    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • h He's better off now.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • g She lost her job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • d She's better paid now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    4 They got married. – They got .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    14 Our company employed him.
    2 Many workers use it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    6 He promoted her.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    8 They gave us some money.
    9 You can eat it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    1 They saw her there.
    5 They made him do it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    3 She sent the message.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

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    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    10 27 : 9 = 3
    4 1/2
    5 32
    6 53
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    3 5/9
    11 0.25
    12 3,650,500
    2 3/4
    1 2/3
    7 106

    Exercise 11

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    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    4 Lepšíš se. better
    16 Brzy se unavila. tired
    11 Rozčílil se. angry
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid
    3 Opili se. drunk
    7 Proslavila se. famous
    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad
    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    1 Stmívá se. dark
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty
    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.

    Exercise 13

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    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    4 he, fire her
    2 my parents, new house, build
    3 they, room, clean
    8 we, the table, make
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    1 I, car, repair
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    6 Byli potrestáni.
    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?
    17 Dostal padáka.
    2 Pracuji jako účetní.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.
    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    7 Jak se to dělá?
    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.
    4 Byl povýšen.
    12 Dostala padáka.
    1 Čím se živíte?
    3 Dělám sám na sebe.
    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.