Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    7 What is meant by that?
    8 What is it called in English?
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    3 I'm an employee.
    12 They were fired.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    10 This word is not used often.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    11 He's employed by our company.
    2 I work for myself.
    5 He started his own business.
    6 She applied for a job.

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Jack got the job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    7 I make more money now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    1 Jane works for herself.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • d Nelepší se to.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.
    • a Ochlazuje se.
    • f Naštval se.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.
    • h Štve mě to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    2 The house sell last week.

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

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    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you
    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky
    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things
    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother
    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    4 To rád slyším. glad
    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised
    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • g She lost her job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • h He's better off now.
    • b She's her own boss.

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    4 They got married. – They got .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .

    Exercise 9

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    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    13 They hired two employees.
    9 You can eat it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    1 They saw her there.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    8 They gave us some money.
    3 She sent the message.
    6 He promoted her.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    5 They made him do it.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

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    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    3 5/9
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    2 3/4
    1 2/3
    7 106
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    6 53
    5 32
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    4 1/2
    11 0.25
    12 3,650,500

    Exercise 11

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    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    16 Brzy se unavila. tired
    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    1 Stmívá se. dark
    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired
    7 Proslavila se. famous
    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult
    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse
    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    4 Lepšíš se. better
    3 Opili se. drunk
    11 Rozčílil se. angry

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.

    Exercise 13

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    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    2 my parents, new house, build
    1 I, car, repair
    8 we, the table, make
    4 he, fire her
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    3 they, room, clean
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    3 Dělám sám na sebe.
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.
    12 Dostala padáka.
    1 Čím se živíte?
    17 Dostal padáka.
    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    2 Pracuji jako účetní.
    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    7 Jak se to dělá?
    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.
    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.
    6 Byli potrestáni.
    4 Byl povýšen.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.