Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 644

    • Přeložte.

    3 I'm an employee.
    12 They were fired.
    7 What is meant by that?
    8 What is it called in English?
    2 I work for myself.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    5 He started his own business.
    10 This word is not used often.
    6 She applied for a job.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

  • check
  • 646

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Jane works for herself.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    8 John has already found a job.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    6 Jack got the job.
    7 I make more money now.
    2 Mark works on a computer.

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 647

    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • d Nelepší se to.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.
    • f Naštval se.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.
    • h Štve mě to.
    • a Ochlazuje se.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 648

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 650

    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    2 The house sell last week.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 652

    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place
    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot
    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things
    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky
    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised
    4 To rád slyším. glad
    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 653

    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • g She lost her job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • h He's better off now.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • b She's her own boss.

    Exercise 8

  • fil
  • 654

    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    4 They got married. – They got .

    Exercise 9

  • sentence
  • 655

    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    8 They gave us some money.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    14 Our company employed him.
    5 They made him do it.
    9 You can eat it.
    3 She sent the message.
    1 They saw her there.
    13 They hired two employees.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    2 Many workers use it.
    6 He promoted her.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 657

    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    12 3,650,500
    4 1/2
    11 0.25
    6 53
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    3 5/9
    5 32
    1 2/3
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    2 3/4
    7 106

    Exercise 11

  • fil-table
  • 658

    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    1 Stmívá se. dark
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid
    11 Rozčílil se. angry
    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse
    7 Proslavila se. famous
    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad
    3 Opili se. drunk
    4 Lepšíš se. better
    16 Brzy se unavila. tired
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty

    Exercise 12

  • fil-table
  • 659

    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 660

    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    1 I, car, repair
    3 they, room, clean
    2 my parents, new house, build
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    4 he, fire her
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 661

    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    6 Byli potrestáni.
    3 Dělám sám na sebe.
    7 Jak se to dělá?
    17 Dostal padáka.
    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    4 Byl povýšen.
    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.
    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    1 Čím se živíte?
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.
    12 Dostala padáka.
    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?
    2 Pracuji jako účetní.
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.