Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 644

    • Přeložte.

    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    10 This word is not used often.
    2 I work for myself.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    5 He started his own business.
    7 What is meant by that?
    6 She applied for a job.
    8 What is it called in English?
    12 They were fired.
    3 I'm an employee.
    1 What do you do for a living?
    4 He makes a lot of money.

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

  • check
  • 646

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 Mark works on a computer.
    8 John has already found a job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 647

    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.
    • a Ochlazuje se.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.
    • h Štve mě to.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • d Nelepší se to.
    • f Naštval se.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 648

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 650

    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    2 The house sell last week.
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 652

    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot
    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place
    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky
    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother
    4 To rád slyším. glad
    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things
    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 653

    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • h He's better off now.
    • g She lost her job.

    Exercise 8

  • fil
  • 654

    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    4 They got married. – They got .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?

    Exercise 9

  • sentence
  • 655

    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    14 Our company employed him.
    2 Many workers use it.
    5 They made him do it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    3 She sent the message.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    9 You can eat it.
    1 They saw her there.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    8 They gave us some money.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    6 He promoted her.
    12 Nobody ever found it.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 657

    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    7 106
    12 3,650,500
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    5 32
    3 5/9
    4 1/2
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    2 3/4
    11 0.25
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    6 53
    1 2/3

    Exercise 11

  • fil-table
  • 658

    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    7 Proslavila se. famous
    11 Rozčílil se. angry
    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    1 Stmívá se. dark
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid
    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse
    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult
    4 Lepšíš se. better
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad
    16 Brzy se unavila. tired
    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    3 Opili se. drunk
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty

    Exercise 12

  • fil-table
  • 659

    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 660

    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    4 he, fire her
    5 we, food, bring to our room
    3 they, room, clean
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    2 my parents, new house, build
    1 I, car, repair
    8 we, the table, make
    6 she, hair, cut

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 661

    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    17 Dostal padáka.
    1 Čím se živíte?
    3 Dělám sám na sebe.
    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    7 Jak se to dělá?
    6 Byli potrestáni.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.
    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    12 Dostala padáka.
    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?
    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.
    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.
    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.
    2 Pracuji jako účetní.
    4 Byl povýšen.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.