Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 644

    • Přeložte.

    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    3 I'm an employee.
    7 What is meant by that?
    1 What do you do for a living?
    12 They were fired.
    6 She applied for a job.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    5 He started his own business.
    10 This word is not used often.
    8 What is it called in English?
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    2 I work for myself.

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

  • check
  • 646

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Jane works for herself.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    8 John has already found a job.
    2 Mark works on a computer.
    7 I make more money now.
    6 Jack got the job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 647

    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.
    • a Ochlazuje se.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.
    • f Naštval se.
    • h Štve mě to.
    • d Nelepší se to.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 648

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 650

    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    2 The house sell last week.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 652

    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot
    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother
    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky
    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things
    4 To rád slyším. glad
    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised
    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place
    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 653

    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • g She lost her job.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • h He's better off now.
    • d She's better paid now.

    Exercise 8

  • fil
  • 654

    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.

    Exercise 9

  • sentence
  • 655

    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 They saw her there.
    6 He promoted her.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    2 Many workers use it.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    13 They hired two employees.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    14 Our company employed him.
    9 You can eat it.
    8 They gave us some money.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    5 They made him do it.
    3 She sent the message.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 657

    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    6 53
    4 1/2
    2 3/4
    5 32
    1 2/3
    12 3,650,500
    8 55 + 55 = 110
    3 5/9
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    11 0.25
    7 106

    Exercise 11

  • fil-table
  • 658

    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    11 Rozčílil se. angry
    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse
    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult
    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty
    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    3 Opili se. drunk
    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid
    7 Proslavila se. famous
    1 Stmívá se. dark
    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    4 Lepšíš se. better
    16 Brzy se unavila. tired

    Exercise 12

  • fil-table
  • 659

    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.
    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 660

    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    8 we, the table, make
    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    2 my parents, new house, build
    3 they, room, clean
    6 she, hair, cut
    5 we, food, bring to our room

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 661

    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    17 Dostal padáka.
    7 Jak se to dělá?
    2 Pracuji jako účetní.
    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.
    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.
    4 Byl povýšen.
    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    6 Byli potrestáni.
    1 Čím se živíte?
    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.
    3 Dělám sám na sebe.
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.
    12 Dostala padáka.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.