Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 644

    • Přeložte.

    12 They were fired.
    4 He makes a lot of money.
    2 I work for myself.
    8 What is it called in English?
    7 What is meant by that?
    5 He started his own business.
    9 The e-mail was sent yesterday.
    6 She applied for a job.
    3 I'm an employee.
    11 He's employed by our company.
    10 This word is not used often.
    1 What do you do for a living?

    Už znáte užití koncovky -er - váže se k subjektu, jenž něco činí, např. employer, worker. Podobně funguje u některých sloves koncovka -or např.: translate (přeložit) - translator (překladatel) ap. Všimněte si též koncovky -ee např. u slova employee. Ta se naopak užívá u osoby, která je činnosti podrobena. Např. interviewer (dotazovatel) - interviewee (dotazovaný - u pohovoru ap.).

    Exercise 2

  • check
  • 646

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 Mark works on a computer.
    6 Jack got the job.
    4 Less than 50 workers work for the company.
    3 Bob doesn't work for a British company now.
    1 Jane works for herself.
    8 John has already found a job.
    5 Some workers lost their jobs.
    7 I make more money now.

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 647

    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 The food will go bad.
    • 2 She got fired.
    • 3 I'm getting thirsty.
    • 4 It makes me angry.
    • 5 He got angry.
    • 6 It's not getting better.
    • 7 It's getting cold.
    • 8 He should get used to it.
    • g Dostala padáka.
    • c Jídlo se zkazí.
    • a Ochlazuje se.
    • e Měl by si na to zvyknout.
    • b Dostávám žízeň.
    • h Štve mě to.
    • f Naštval se.
    • d Nelepší se to.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 648

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 He applied for a job, but he wasn't taken/received/accepted.
    1 She works like/as/such as a teacher. She teaches English.
    11 They needed more workers. They took out/for/on new staff.
    9 He gets angry very often. It's hard to get by/along/after with him.
    10 Our plane takes on/out/off at 10 a.m.
    7 He'll be promoted and get a pay rise/loss/raise.
    3 He got the job – Oh really? I'm so nice/glad/fine to hear that.
    8 I'm very tired. I need to take/get/give some sleep.
    4 He was often late for work. So he was fired/accepted/employed.
    5 She didn't like her job. She decided to apply/get off/quit.
    6 They were fired last month and they are still employed/jobless/applied.

    Nezaměňujte anglické termíny salary, wage a pay. Salary je pravidelný měsíční plat. Wage je mzda (hl. placená od hodiny, týdně ap.). Pay je plat či výplata, tedy vyplácené peníze. Např. pay day je den výplaty ap. Obecný formální termín pro odměnu (či odměňování) za práci je většinou remuneration rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃən.

    Exercise 5

  • fil
  • 650

    • Doplňte správné tvary trpného rodu.

    7 You'll understand. English and French speak there.
    8 This meat eat cooked.
    6 The job pay well . You can make a lot of money.
    4 He left his car there and it steal .
    3 We can't go there. We not invite .
    9 I don't understand it. The messages write in Chinese.
    1 I don't know its name. What it call ?
    5 My car has broken down. It needs to repair .
    2 The house sell last week.
    10 Over 20 new workers take on last month.

    Užitečný obrat s trpným rodem je: be held - konat se (má podobný význam jako nám již známé take place). Např.: A meeting was held. - Konala se schůzka. ap. Hold znamená držet, ale také pořádat či konat. Pozor! Hold je nepravidelné sloveso s tvary: Past tense (PT) - held hεld a Past participle (PP) - held hεld.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 652

    • Řekněte anglicky s použitím částice to. Využijte nápovědu.

    10 Promiňte, že vás obtěžuji. bother
    5 Je toho tady hodně k vidění. a lot
    9 Měl štěstí, že našel práci. lucky
    6 Znám místo, kde se dá skvěle najíst. great place
    4 To rád slyším. glad
    8 Předstírala, že neví. pretend, not
    2 Očekávám, že nám pomůžete. expect you
    3 Byl první, kdo to věděl. first
    1 Byla překvapená, že mě vidí. surprised
    7 Mám jiné věci na práci. other things

    Exercise 7

  • join
  • 653

    • Spojte výroky s přibližně stejným významem.

    • 1 She was fired.
    • 2 She's got a pay rise.
    • 3 He's jobless.
    • 4 She's looking for a job.
    • 5 He's been promoted.
    • 6 She works for herself.
    • 7 He applied for a job.
    • 8 He quit his job.
    • f She's trying to find employment.
    • c He sent a job application.
    • a He's unemployed.
    • h He's better off now.
    • b She's her own boss.
    • e He stopped working there.
    • d She's better paid now.
    • g She lost her job.

    Exercise 8

  • fil
  • 654

    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam než věta první.

    2 The keys were lost. – The keys were .
    8 My car is repaired. – My car is .
    7 He bought the car last year. – He the car last year.
    1 It's getting better. – It's getting .
    9 Can you take me to the airport? – Can you me up at the airport?
    5 He's jobless. – He's .
    4 They got married. – They got .
    6 She lost her job. – She a new job.
    10 When does the plane land? – When does the plane off?
    3 They hired 5 workers. – They 5 workers.

    Exercise 9

  • sentence
  • 655

    • Utvořte věty stejného významu pomocí trpného rodu.

    13 They hired two employees.
    9 You can eat it.
    7 They say that she is beautiful.
    5 They made him do it.
    1 They saw her there.
    10 Rich people buy these cars.
    12 Nobody ever found it.
    4 Someone told him to do it.
    14 Our company employed him.
    11 Somebody lost the keys.
    8 They gave us some money.
    3 She sent the message.
    6 He promoted her.
    2 Many workers use it.

    He is wanted. je česky: Hledá ho policie. (zločince ap.). Help wanted. znamená: Přijmeme výpomoc. (brigádníka ap.).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 657

    • Přečtěte a napište celými slovy anglicky.

    3 5/9
    6 53
    2 3/4
    1 2/3
    4 1/2
    12 3,650,500
    11 0.25
    7 106
    10 27 : 9 = 3
    5 32
    9 35 - 20 = 15
    8 55 + 55 = 110

    Exercise 11

  • fil-table
  • 658

    • Přeložte změny stavu become, get, go, grow, turn. Využijte nápovědu.

    7 Proslavila se. famous
    10 Dostávám žízeň. thirsty
    13 Počítač (se) zpomaluje. slow
    14 Začal jsem mít strach. afraid
    3 Opili se. drunk
    1 Stmívá se. dark
    16 Brzy se unavila. tired
    11 Rozčílil se. angry
    5 Počasí se zhoršilo. worse
    9 Dostali jsme hlad. hungry
    15 Přestává mě to bavit. tired
    2 Na to si zvykneš. used to
    4 Lepšíš se. better
    6 Začíná to být těžké. difficult
    12 Zmokneš. wet
    8 To jídlo se zkazí. bad

    Exercise 12

  • fil-table
  • 659

    • Doplňte vhodné slovo.

    4 He worked a programmer but was fired.
    3 We need more staff. We must new employees.
    2 He applied a job, but he wasn't accepted.
    1 What does he do for a ? – He works as a teacher.
    8 He didn't send me the money. He me really angry.
    7 John hasn't found a job yet. He is still .
    10 There was no meeting yesterday. It was called .
    9 It's hard to get along with her. She angry very often.
    6 Why did she her job? – Her salary was too low.
    5 These jobs are not well . You won't make much money.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence
  • 660

    • Řekněte podle nápovědy anglicky, co (si) kdo nechal či dal udělat.

    8 we, the table, make
    3 they, room, clean
    6 she, hair, cut
    1 I, car, repair
    4 he, fire her
    7 he, his jacket, wash
    2 my parents, new house, build
    5 we, food, bring to our room

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 661

    • Přeložte. Kde lze, použijte trpný rod.

    10 V Británii se mluví anglicky.
    18 Dvě třetiny z nich dostaly přidáno.
    3 Dělám sám na sebe.
    7 Jak se to dělá?
    11 Vyrábí se tam auta.
    15 Prodalo se 1000 aut.
    4 Byl povýšen.
    9 Ukradli mu auto.
    12 Dostala padáka.
    17 Dostal padáka.
    5 Jak se to nazývá anglicky?
    6 Byli potrestáni.
    1 Čím se živíte?
    14 Rezervace byla zrušena.
    13 Zvykl jsem si na to.
    16 Musím si ti nechat opravit.
    8 Najali 5 pracovníků.
    2 Pracuji jako účetní.

    Sloveso fire (vyhodit z práce) je běžné, ale spíše hovorové. Znamená též mimo jiné vypálit, vystřelit (ze zbraně ap.). Formální termín pro propustit (z práce) je dismiss dɪsˈmɪs. Např. He was dismissed. - Byl propuštěn.