Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    4 She got a C in math.
    5 I hope I will be admitted.
    7 She attends a language course.
    8 It takes a lot of studying.
    6 Did you pass the exam?
    9 He got a university degree.
    13 You may know her.
    12 He might know.
    10 I was educated at Trinity College.
    3 He failed the exam.
    2 She didn't get into college.
    1 Where did you go to school?
    11 What will he do after graduating?

    Course book je učebnice do jazykového kurzu (course kɔːs - kurz).

    Exercise 2

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    • Označte podle úvodního článku, co je pravda (true) a nepravda (false).

    3 Mark has two siblings, a younger one and an older one.
    8 Mark's elder brother wants to become a doctor.
    4 Mark himself has experienced bullying at school.
    5 Mark would like to apply to college.
    1 Mark has already graduated from high school.
    7 Mark doesn't want to take out a student loan.
    6 Mark's parents are rich enough to pay for his college studies.
    2 He's a junior in high school.

    Experience ve významu zkušenosti, praxe nemá množné číslo. Např.: No experience required. - Nevyžadujeme praxi. Ve významu zážitek se ale v množném čísle vyskytuje. Např.: He shared his experiences. - Podělil se o své zážitky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 Vzal si studentský úvěr.
    • 2 V kolikátém je ročníku?
    • 3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    • 4 Dobře se učí.
    • 5 Nebude půjčku moci splatit.
    • 6 Odešel ze školy.
    • 7 Studuje práva.
    • b He won't be able to repay the loan.
    • a Did he pass the exam?
    • f He's doing well at school.
    • c He dropped out of school.
    • e He's studying to be a lawyer.
    • g What grade is he in?
    • d He took out a student loan.

    V USA se studenti dle ročníků běžně nazývají: freshman ˈfrεʃmən (prvák), sophomore ˈsɒfəˌmɔː (druhák), junior ˈdʒuːnjə (třeťák) a senior ˈsiːnjə (čtvrťák).

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He had to take in/for/out a student loan.
    3 I asked/applied/called to university.
    2 When do you take/pass/get the exam?
    1 He wasn't let/allowed/admitted to college.
    7 He has many friends among/between/inside his schoolmates.
    8 If I don't get into college I'll be made/done/forced to work.
    6 They can't help/pass/afford to pay for his studies.
    5 When is he going to graduate out of/from/off university?

    Exercise 5

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    • Převeďte věty do trpného rodu v čase uvedeném v nápovědě.

    6 It isn't used. present perfect
    2 The car was sold. future
    1 He was forced to take out a loan. present
    4 Their car is stolen. present perfect
    3 She is fired. past, future
    5 No houses are built. future
    8 He will be fired if he does that. second conditional
    7 Cars are made here. present continuous

    Exercise 6

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 She's still a baby.
    • 2 How old is the house?
    • 3 She's been fired.
    • 4 Did he get into college?
    • 5 Is he still alive?
    • 6 Where's your car?
    • 7 Do you like my jacket?
    • 8 He did a very bad thing.
    • d It was built in 1965.
    • b She must be looked after.
    • c No, he's dead. He was killed.
    • h It's being repaired.
    • g He should be punished.
    • a No, he wasn't admitted.
    • e She's jobless now.
    • f It was made in Paris.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat s trpným rodem: I've been told that ... - Bylo mi řečeno, že... nebo I've been told to ... - Bylo mi řečeno, abych...

    Exercise 7

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    • Napište infinitivy sloves, která uslyšíte ve větách v trpném rodě.

    2
    8
    10
    5
    1
    6
    4
    7
    9
    3

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhé věty pomocí trpného rodu tak, aby měly stejný význam.

    4 They make great wine in Italy. - Great wine in Italy.
    6 You must eat it fresh. - It must fresh.
    1 We will inform you in time. - You in time.
    7 All the workers would do it. - It by all the workers.
    9 You can find all information at: - All information at:
    8 Many people have read it. - It by many people.
    2 Nobody has used it yet. - It hasn't yet.
    5 They will send two people there. - Two people there.
    3 They should promote him for that. - He for that.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 I can't go on. I have given on/down/up.
    6 It's not known who brought/carried/worked out the attack.
    2 He's very strong. He keeps/works/puts out every day.
    4 We must hurry. We are running/going/carrying out of time.
    7 She's very old and must be looked/taken/given after.
    1 I don't know, but I will find on/in/out.
    3 It's a long way. We must let/set/take out early tomorrow.
    5 Nobody's watching TV. I'll turn it in/off/away.

    Exercise 10

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    • Přeložte pomocí trpného rodu. Využijte nápovědu.

    4 Je možné to vidět v Londýně.
    see
    1 Bude to zaplaceno za týden.
    pay
    8 Byli bychom nuceni to vzdát.
    force, give up
    6 Zpráva ještě nebyla odeslána.
    message, send
    3 Vychovala ji babička.
    bring up
    2 Měl by dostat víc času.
    give
    7 Bylo mi řečeno, abych počkal.
    tell
    5 Schůzka byla zrušena. (předpřítomný čas)
    meeting, cancel

    Exercise 11

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy. Kde lze, použijte gerundium.

    5 What is he interested in? buy that house
    8 When will she come? after finish her work
    7 How did he become rich? by, work hard
    1 What is she good at? sing
    2 What is he afraid of? lose his job
    6 What did he thank you for? help him
    9 When do you take a shower? before go to bed
    3 What do they complain about? have no money
    4 What are they looking forward to? go on holiday

    Thank you for having me. je obrat, který lze volně přeložit jako “Díky za pozvání.” Můžete jej slyšet od hosta po návštěvě, v televizní debatě ap.

    Exercise 12

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky. Všímejte si způsobů překládání slovesa mít.

    • 1 Co mám dělat?
    • 2 Má přijet za hodinu.
    • 3 Měl by jí pomoct.
    • 4 Mám mu to říct?
    • 5 Měl by víc peněz.
    • 6 Neměl jsem na to čas.
    • 7 Neměl odpovídat.
    • 8 Nemělo by to být moc drahé.
    • f He should help her.
    • g It shouldn't be too expensive.
    • h He is to arrive in an hour.
    • d What am I supposed to do?
    • c He wasn't supposed to reply.
    • e I didn't have time for that.
    • b Shall I tell him?
    • a He'd have more money.

    Infinitivní obrat: To be continued ... znamená: Pokračování příště.

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    9 It's hard for me sometime/sometimes/some day.
    3 We haven't met since/from/until then.
    1 He hasn't come still/yet/already.
    7 It'll be better next time/times/one.
    10 Have they arrived still/yet/now?
    2 I've known her from/since/for a long time.
    8 She isn't here at/in/on the moment. She's left already/still/just.
    5 I haven't seen her last/recently/at present.
    6 I've been there many time/more/times.
    4 I'll do it as soon as ready/possible/already.
    11 He was here an hour since/ago/before.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte časové věty. Využijte nápovědu.

    8 Dokud bude pršet, zůstaneme doma. as long as
    6 Měl bys být zdvořilý, když o něco žádáš. when
    7 Řeknu mu to hned, jak zavolá. as soon as
    3 Počkáme, dokud se nevrátíš. until, come back
    2 Dám ti vědět, až Mark přijde. when
    5 Postarám se o děti, když bude Jane pryč. while
    4 Zavolám ti, až to dokončím. after
    1 Zavolej mi, než odejdeš. before

    Obrat as we speak se užívá v přímé řeči jako: právě teď o právě probíhající činnosti. Např. They are working on it as we speak. - Právě teď na tom pracují. Spojka as se užívá i ve významu když, jak(mile). Např.: As we get older ... - Jak stárneme..., They started as I got there. - Začali hned, jak jsem tam dorazil.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vhodné vztažné spojky.

    1 My brother, lives in our house, is still single.
    6 They had to buy a new one, cost them 10 000 pounds.
    13 There are students are afraid of their schoolmates.
    11 What's the name of the author wrote that book?
    3 What's the colour of the car he bought?
    4 He's the man wife has died.
    7 They were introduced by a friend knows them both.
    2 They live in Ipswich is in East England.
    9 The children go to that school are not local.
    8 They've informed the man car was stolen.
    12 The school I study is very old.
    5 That's the woman asked me about you.
    10 Did you read the e-mail I sent you yesterday?

    Slovo schoolmate je spolužák ze stejné školy (ne nutně třídy). Spolužák z téže třídy je classmate (class + mate). Koncovka -mate se užívá za podstatným jménem k vyjádření osoby, která něco sdílí s jinou osobou. Např. roommate - spolubydlící (z téhož pokoje - room), flatmate - spolubydlící (z téhož bytu - flat) ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Utvořte možné doplňovací otázky (WH questions) k následujícím odpovědím.

    4 Nobody asked me about it.
    1 I want nothing from you.
    9 We'll meet at the station.
    12 It was caused by bad weather.
    2 Paul helped me do it.
    5 I saw Jane.
    8 I'm meeting Bob and Frank.
    6 Nobody saw me.
    11 John's car was stolen.
    7 I told Jack about it.
    3 I'll be back in an hour.
    10 We need 200 more.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    10 Přijďte k nám někdy. (na návštěvu)
    13 Měl by dostat padáka.
    8 Teď tady zrovna není. (on)
    4 Hlásila se na vysokou.
    3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    5 Nedostal se na vysokou.
    7 Dostal trojku z angličtiny.
    12 Bude povýšena.
    16 Dávej pozor! (co děláš)
    14 Mají přijít za hodinu.
    15 Jak to mám vědět?
    2 Chodil jsem do jazykového kurzu.
    1 Kam jsi chodil do školy?
    6 Brzy bude maturovat.
    9 Kdy jsi ho naposledy viděl?
    11 Budu nucen najít si jinou práci.

    Mathematics se hovorově řekne maths mæθs a v americké angličtině math mæθ.