Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    12 He might know.
    4 She got a C in math.
    10 I was educated at Trinity College.
    7 She attends a language course.
    6 Did you pass the exam?
    11 What will he do after graduating?
    5 I hope I will be admitted.
    3 He failed the exam.
    2 She didn't get into college.
    8 It takes a lot of studying.
    13 You may know her.
    1 Where did you go to school?
    9 He got a university degree.

    Course book je učebnice do jazykového kurzu (course kɔːs - kurz).

    Exercise 2

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    • Označte podle úvodního článku, co je pravda (true) a nepravda (false).

    8 Mark's elder brother wants to become a doctor.
    6 Mark's parents are rich enough to pay for his college studies.
    4 Mark himself has experienced bullying at school.
    1 Mark has already graduated from high school.
    2 He's a junior in high school.
    7 Mark doesn't want to take out a student loan.
    5 Mark would like to apply to college.
    3 Mark has two siblings, a younger one and an older one.

    Experience ve významu zkušenosti, praxe nemá množné číslo. Např.: No experience required. - Nevyžadujeme praxi. Ve významu zážitek se ale v množném čísle vyskytuje. Např.: He shared his experiences. - Podělil se o své zážitky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 Vzal si studentský úvěr.
    • 2 V kolikátém je ročníku?
    • 3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    • 4 Dobře se učí.
    • 5 Nebude půjčku moci splatit.
    • 6 Odešel ze školy.
    • 7 Studuje práva.
    • b He won't be able to repay the loan.
    • g What grade is he in?
    • f He's doing well at school.
    • a Did he pass the exam?
    • c He dropped out of school.
    • e He's studying to be a lawyer.
    • d He took out a student loan.

    V USA se studenti dle ročníků běžně nazývají: freshman ˈfrεʃmən (prvák), sophomore ˈsɒfəˌmɔː (druhák), junior ˈdʒuːnjə (třeťák) a senior ˈsiːnjə (čtvrťák).

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 They can't help/pass/afford to pay for his studies.
    2 When do you take/pass/get the exam?
    5 When is he going to graduate out of/from/off university?
    8 If I don't get into college I'll be made/done/forced to work.
    4 He had to take in/for/out a student loan.
    3 I asked/applied/called to university.
    1 He wasn't let/allowed/admitted to college.
    7 He has many friends among/between/inside his schoolmates.

    Exercise 5

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    • Převeďte věty do trpného rodu v čase uvedeném v nápovědě.

    1 He was forced to take out a loan. present
    4 Their car is stolen. present perfect
    7 Cars are made here. present continuous
    3 She is fired. past, future
    8 He will be fired if he does that. second conditional
    6 It isn't used. present perfect
    2 The car was sold. future
    5 No houses are built. future

    Exercise 6

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 She's still a baby.
    • 2 How old is the house?
    • 3 She's been fired.
    • 4 Did he get into college?
    • 5 Is he still alive?
    • 6 Where's your car?
    • 7 Do you like my jacket?
    • 8 He did a very bad thing.
    • f It was made in Paris.
    • d It was built in 1965.
    • h It's being repaired.
    • c No, he's dead. He was killed.
    • g He should be punished.
    • e She's jobless now.
    • b She must be looked after.
    • a No, he wasn't admitted.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat s trpným rodem: I've been told that ... - Bylo mi řečeno, že... nebo I've been told to ... - Bylo mi řečeno, abych...

    Exercise 7

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    • Napište infinitivy sloves, která uslyšíte ve větách v trpném rodě.

    10
    3
    7
    1
    8
    5
    4
    6
    9
    2

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhé věty pomocí trpného rodu tak, aby měly stejný význam.

    1 We will inform you in time. - You in time.
    3 They should promote him for that. - He for that.
    4 They make great wine in Italy. - Great wine in Italy.
    2 Nobody has used it yet. - It hasn't yet.
    5 They will send two people there. - Two people there.
    7 All the workers would do it. - It by all the workers.
    6 You must eat it fresh. - It must fresh.
    8 Many people have read it. - It by many people.
    9 You can find all information at: - All information at:

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Nobody's watching TV. I'll turn it in/off/away.
    4 We must hurry. We are running/going/carrying out of time.
    7 She's very old and must be looked/taken/given after.
    1 I don't know, but I will find on/in/out.
    2 He's very strong. He keeps/works/puts out every day.
    3 It's a long way. We must let/set/take out early tomorrow.
    6 It's not known who brought/carried/worked out the attack.
    8 I can't go on. I have given on/down/up.

    Exercise 10

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    • Přeložte pomocí trpného rodu. Využijte nápovědu.

    8 Byli bychom nuceni to vzdát.
    force, give up
    6 Zpráva ještě nebyla odeslána.
    message, send
    5 Schůzka byla zrušena. (předpřítomný čas)
    meeting, cancel
    2 Měl by dostat víc času.
    give
    1 Bude to zaplaceno za týden.
    pay
    3 Vychovala ji babička.
    bring up
    4 Je možné to vidět v Londýně.
    see
    7 Bylo mi řečeno, abych počkal.
    tell

    Exercise 11

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy. Kde lze, použijte gerundium.

    6 What did he thank you for? help him
    8 When will she come? after finish her work
    3 What do they complain about? have no money
    1 What is she good at? sing
    2 What is he afraid of? lose his job
    9 When do you take a shower? before go to bed
    5 What is he interested in? buy that house
    7 How did he become rich? by, work hard
    4 What are they looking forward to? go on holiday

    Thank you for having me. je obrat, který lze volně přeložit jako “Díky za pozvání.” Můžete jej slyšet od hosta po návštěvě, v televizní debatě ap.

    Exercise 12

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky. Všímejte si způsobů překládání slovesa mít.

    • 1 Co mám dělat?
    • 2 Má přijet za hodinu.
    • 3 Měl by jí pomoct.
    • 4 Mám mu to říct?
    • 5 Měl by víc peněz.
    • 6 Neměl jsem na to čas.
    • 7 Neměl odpovídat.
    • 8 Nemělo by to být moc drahé.
    • f He should help her.
    • h He is to arrive in an hour.
    • c He wasn't supposed to reply.
    • a He'd have more money.
    • d What am I supposed to do?
    • g It shouldn't be too expensive.
    • b Shall I tell him?
    • e I didn't have time for that.

    Infinitivní obrat: To be continued ... znamená: Pokračování příště.

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    11 He was here an hour since/ago/before.
    5 I haven't seen her last/recently/at present.
    4 I'll do it as soon as ready/possible/already.
    6 I've been there many time/more/times.
    3 We haven't met since/from/until then.
    10 Have they arrived still/yet/now?
    1 He hasn't come still/yet/already.
    8 She isn't here at/in/on the moment. She's left already/still/just.
    2 I've known her from/since/for a long time.
    9 It's hard for me sometime/sometimes/some day.
    7 It'll be better next time/times/one.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte časové věty. Využijte nápovědu.

    4 Zavolám ti, až to dokončím. after
    2 Dám ti vědět, až Mark přijde. when
    8 Dokud bude pršet, zůstaneme doma. as long as
    5 Postarám se o děti, když bude Jane pryč. while
    7 Řeknu mu to hned, jak zavolá. as soon as
    6 Měl bys být zdvořilý, když o něco žádáš. when
    3 Počkáme, dokud se nevrátíš. until, come back
    1 Zavolej mi, než odejdeš. before

    Obrat as we speak se užívá v přímé řeči jako: právě teď o právě probíhající činnosti. Např. They are working on it as we speak. - Právě teď na tom pracují. Spojka as se užívá i ve významu když, jak(mile). Např.: As we get older ... - Jak stárneme..., They started as I got there. - Začali hned, jak jsem tam dorazil.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vhodné vztažné spojky.

    1 My brother, lives in our house, is still single.
    7 They were introduced by a friend knows them both.
    4 He's the man wife has died.
    2 They live in Ipswich is in East England.
    10 Did you read the e-mail I sent you yesterday?
    3 What's the colour of the car he bought?
    11 What's the name of the author wrote that book?
    9 The children go to that school are not local.
    12 The school I study is very old.
    8 They've informed the man car was stolen.
    5 That's the woman asked me about you.
    13 There are students are afraid of their schoolmates.
    6 They had to buy a new one, cost them 10 000 pounds.

    Slovo schoolmate je spolužák ze stejné školy (ne nutně třídy). Spolužák z téže třídy je classmate (class + mate). Koncovka -mate se užívá za podstatným jménem k vyjádření osoby, která něco sdílí s jinou osobou. Např. roommate - spolubydlící (z téhož pokoje - room), flatmate - spolubydlící (z téhož bytu - flat) ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Utvořte možné doplňovací otázky (WH questions) k následujícím odpovědím.

    7 I told Jack about it.
    4 Nobody asked me about it.
    12 It was caused by bad weather.
    3 I'll be back in an hour.
    10 We need 200 more.
    8 I'm meeting Bob and Frank.
    9 We'll meet at the station.
    2 Paul helped me do it.
    1 I want nothing from you.
    11 John's car was stolen.
    5 I saw Jane.
    6 Nobody saw me.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    12 Bude povýšena.
    14 Mají přijít za hodinu.
    11 Budu nucen najít si jinou práci.
    7 Dostal trojku z angličtiny.
    16 Dávej pozor! (co děláš)
    2 Chodil jsem do jazykového kurzu.
    10 Přijďte k nám někdy. (na návštěvu)
    13 Měl by dostat padáka.
    4 Hlásila se na vysokou.
    1 Kam jsi chodil do školy?
    15 Jak to mám vědět?
    5 Nedostal se na vysokou.
    9 Kdy jsi ho naposledy viděl?
    6 Brzy bude maturovat.
    3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    8 Teď tady zrovna není. (on)

    Mathematics se hovorově řekne maths mæθs a v americké angličtině math mæθ.