Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    5 I hope I will be admitted.
    8 It takes a lot of studying.
    13 You may know her.
    2 She didn't get into college.
    1 Where did you go to school?
    3 He failed the exam.
    10 I was educated at Trinity College.
    9 He got a university degree.
    11 What will he do after graduating?
    12 He might know.
    4 She got a C in math.
    6 Did you pass the exam?
    7 She attends a language course.

    Course book je učebnice do jazykového kurzu (course kɔːs - kurz).

    Exercise 2

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    • Označte podle úvodního článku, co je pravda (true) a nepravda (false).

    3 Mark has two siblings, a younger one and an older one.
    6 Mark's parents are rich enough to pay for his college studies.
    7 Mark doesn't want to take out a student loan.
    2 He's a junior in high school.
    5 Mark would like to apply to college.
    4 Mark himself has experienced bullying at school.
    1 Mark has already graduated from high school.
    8 Mark's elder brother wants to become a doctor.

    Experience ve významu zkušenosti, praxe nemá množné číslo. Např.: No experience required. - Nevyžadujeme praxi. Ve významu zážitek se ale v množném čísle vyskytuje. Např.: He shared his experiences. - Podělil se o své zážitky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 Vzal si studentský úvěr.
    • 2 V kolikátém je ročníku?
    • 3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    • 4 Dobře se učí.
    • 5 Nebude půjčku moci splatit.
    • 6 Odešel ze školy.
    • 7 Studuje práva.
    • f He's doing well at school.
    • e He's studying to be a lawyer.
    • a Did he pass the exam?
    • d He took out a student loan.
    • g What grade is he in?
    • c He dropped out of school.
    • b He won't be able to repay the loan.

    V USA se studenti dle ročníků běžně nazývají: freshman ˈfrεʃmən (prvák), sophomore ˈsɒfəˌmɔː (druhák), junior ˈdʒuːnjə (třeťák) a senior ˈsiːnjə (čtvrťák).

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 When do you take/pass/get the exam?
    7 He has many friends among/between/inside his schoolmates.
    4 He had to take in/for/out a student loan.
    5 When is he going to graduate out of/from/off university?
    8 If I don't get into college I'll be made/done/forced to work.
    1 He wasn't let/allowed/admitted to college.
    6 They can't help/pass/afford to pay for his studies.
    3 I asked/applied/called to university.

    Exercise 5

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    • Převeďte věty do trpného rodu v čase uvedeném v nápovědě.

    2 The car was sold. future
    8 He will be fired if he does that. second conditional
    6 It isn't used. present perfect
    1 He was forced to take out a loan. present
    7 Cars are made here. present continuous
    3 She is fired. past, future
    5 No houses are built. future
    4 Their car is stolen. present perfect

    Exercise 6

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 She's still a baby.
    • 2 How old is the house?
    • 3 She's been fired.
    • 4 Did he get into college?
    • 5 Is he still alive?
    • 6 Where's your car?
    • 7 Do you like my jacket?
    • 8 He did a very bad thing.
    • a No, he wasn't admitted.
    • c No, he's dead. He was killed.
    • g He should be punished.
    • h It's being repaired.
    • f It was made in Paris.
    • d It was built in 1965.
    • b She must be looked after.
    • e She's jobless now.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat s trpným rodem: I've been told that ... - Bylo mi řečeno, že... nebo I've been told to ... - Bylo mi řečeno, abych...

    Exercise 7

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    • Napište infinitivy sloves, která uslyšíte ve větách v trpném rodě.

    6
    9
    5
    3
    2
    4
    7
    8
    1
    10

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhé věty pomocí trpného rodu tak, aby měly stejný význam.

    6 You must eat it fresh. - It must fresh.
    1 We will inform you in time. - You in time.
    8 Many people have read it. - It by many people.
    2 Nobody has used it yet. - It hasn't yet.
    4 They make great wine in Italy. - Great wine in Italy.
    5 They will send two people there. - Two people there.
    9 You can find all information at: - All information at:
    3 They should promote him for that. - He for that.
    7 All the workers would do it. - It by all the workers.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 It's a long way. We must let/set/take out early tomorrow.
    1 I don't know, but I will find on/in/out.
    6 It's not known who brought/carried/worked out the attack.
    2 He's very strong. He keeps/works/puts out every day.
    8 I can't go on. I have given on/down/up.
    7 She's very old and must be looked/taken/given after.
    5 Nobody's watching TV. I'll turn it in/off/away.
    4 We must hurry. We are running/going/carrying out of time.

    Exercise 10

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    • Přeložte pomocí trpného rodu. Využijte nápovědu.

    5 Schůzka byla zrušena. (předpřítomný čas)
    meeting, cancel
    4 Je možné to vidět v Londýně.
    see
    1 Bude to zaplaceno za týden.
    pay
    7 Bylo mi řečeno, abych počkal.
    tell
    8 Byli bychom nuceni to vzdát.
    force, give up
    3 Vychovala ji babička.
    bring up
    2 Měl by dostat víc času.
    give
    6 Zpráva ještě nebyla odeslána.
    message, send

    Exercise 11

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy. Kde lze, použijte gerundium.

    2 What is he afraid of? lose his job
    5 What is he interested in? buy that house
    3 What do they complain about? have no money
    9 When do you take a shower? before go to bed
    8 When will she come? after finish her work
    7 How did he become rich? by, work hard
    6 What did he thank you for? help him
    1 What is she good at? sing
    4 What are they looking forward to? go on holiday

    Thank you for having me. je obrat, který lze volně přeložit jako “Díky za pozvání.” Můžete jej slyšet od hosta po návštěvě, v televizní debatě ap.

    Exercise 12

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky. Všímejte si způsobů překládání slovesa mít.

    • 1 Co mám dělat?
    • 2 Má přijet za hodinu.
    • 3 Měl by jí pomoct.
    • 4 Mám mu to říct?
    • 5 Měl by víc peněz.
    • 6 Neměl jsem na to čas.
    • 7 Neměl odpovídat.
    • 8 Nemělo by to být moc drahé.
    • a He'd have more money.
    • f He should help her.
    • d What am I supposed to do?
    • c He wasn't supposed to reply.
    • e I didn't have time for that.
    • h He is to arrive in an hour.
    • g It shouldn't be too expensive.
    • b Shall I tell him?

    Infinitivní obrat: To be continued ... znamená: Pokračování příště.

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    3 We haven't met since/from/until then.
    11 He was here an hour since/ago/before.
    7 It'll be better next time/times/one.
    8 She isn't here at/in/on the moment. She's left already/still/just.
    10 Have they arrived still/yet/now?
    6 I've been there many time/more/times.
    4 I'll do it as soon as ready/possible/already.
    5 I haven't seen her last/recently/at present.
    9 It's hard for me sometime/sometimes/some day.
    1 He hasn't come still/yet/already.
    2 I've known her from/since/for a long time.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte časové věty. Využijte nápovědu.

    6 Měl bys být zdvořilý, když o něco žádáš. when
    8 Dokud bude pršet, zůstaneme doma. as long as
    5 Postarám se o děti, když bude Jane pryč. while
    1 Zavolej mi, než odejdeš. before
    4 Zavolám ti, až to dokončím. after
    2 Dám ti vědět, až Mark přijde. when
    7 Řeknu mu to hned, jak zavolá. as soon as
    3 Počkáme, dokud se nevrátíš. until, come back

    Obrat as we speak se užívá v přímé řeči jako: právě teď o právě probíhající činnosti. Např. They are working on it as we speak. - Právě teď na tom pracují. Spojka as se užívá i ve významu když, jak(mile). Např.: As we get older ... - Jak stárneme..., They started as I got there. - Začali hned, jak jsem tam dorazil.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vhodné vztažné spojky.

    4 He's the man wife has died.
    3 What's the colour of the car he bought?
    6 They had to buy a new one, cost them 10 000 pounds.
    2 They live in Ipswich is in East England.
    8 They've informed the man car was stolen.
    12 The school I study is very old.
    1 My brother, lives in our house, is still single.
    11 What's the name of the author wrote that book?
    9 The children go to that school are not local.
    10 Did you read the e-mail I sent you yesterday?
    5 That's the woman asked me about you.
    7 They were introduced by a friend knows them both.
    13 There are students are afraid of their schoolmates.

    Slovo schoolmate je spolužák ze stejné školy (ne nutně třídy). Spolužák z téže třídy je classmate (class + mate). Koncovka -mate se užívá za podstatným jménem k vyjádření osoby, která něco sdílí s jinou osobou. Např. roommate - spolubydlící (z téhož pokoje - room), flatmate - spolubydlící (z téhož bytu - flat) ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Utvořte možné doplňovací otázky (WH questions) k následujícím odpovědím.

    3 I'll be back in an hour.
    1 I want nothing from you.
    9 We'll meet at the station.
    2 Paul helped me do it.
    5 I saw Jane.
    12 It was caused by bad weather.
    8 I'm meeting Bob and Frank.
    6 Nobody saw me.
    10 We need 200 more.
    11 John's car was stolen.
    4 Nobody asked me about it.
    7 I told Jack about it.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    4 Hlásila se na vysokou.
    16 Dávej pozor! (co děláš)
    11 Budu nucen najít si jinou práci.
    2 Chodil jsem do jazykového kurzu.
    14 Mají přijít za hodinu.
    13 Měl by dostat padáka.
    8 Teď tady zrovna není. (on)
    6 Brzy bude maturovat.
    1 Kam jsi chodil do školy?
    15 Jak to mám vědět?
    7 Dostal trojku z angličtiny.
    9 Kdy jsi ho naposledy viděl?
    5 Nedostal se na vysokou.
    3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    12 Bude povýšena.
    10 Přijďte k nám někdy. (na návštěvu)

    Mathematics se hovorově řekne maths mæθs a v americké angličtině math mæθ.