Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    8 It takes a lot of studying.
    12 He might know.
    11 What will he do after graduating?
    10 I was educated at Trinity College.
    5 I hope I will be admitted.
    2 She didn't get into college.
    4 She got a C in math.
    1 Where did you go to school?
    7 She attends a language course.
    9 He got a university degree.
    6 Did you pass the exam?
    3 He failed the exam.
    13 You may know her.

    Course book je učebnice do jazykového kurzu (course kɔːs - kurz).

    Exercise 2

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    • Označte podle úvodního článku, co je pravda (true) a nepravda (false).

    5 Mark would like to apply to college.
    7 Mark doesn't want to take out a student loan.
    8 Mark's elder brother wants to become a doctor.
    3 Mark has two siblings, a younger one and an older one.
    6 Mark's parents are rich enough to pay for his college studies.
    2 He's a junior in high school.
    1 Mark has already graduated from high school.
    4 Mark himself has experienced bullying at school.

    Experience ve významu zkušenosti, praxe nemá množné číslo. Např.: No experience required. - Nevyžadujeme praxi. Ve významu zážitek se ale v množném čísle vyskytuje. Např.: He shared his experiences. - Podělil se o své zážitky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 Vzal si studentský úvěr.
    • 2 V kolikátém je ročníku?
    • 3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    • 4 Dobře se učí.
    • 5 Nebude půjčku moci splatit.
    • 6 Odešel ze školy.
    • 7 Studuje práva.
    • f He's doing well at school.
    • d He took out a student loan.
    • a Did he pass the exam?
    • b He won't be able to repay the loan.
    • c He dropped out of school.
    • e He's studying to be a lawyer.
    • g What grade is he in?

    V USA se studenti dle ročníků běžně nazývají: freshman ˈfrεʃmən (prvák), sophomore ˈsɒfəˌmɔː (druhák), junior ˈdʒuːnjə (třeťák) a senior ˈsiːnjə (čtvrťák).

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 He wasn't let/allowed/admitted to college.
    7 He has many friends among/between/inside his schoolmates.
    3 I asked/applied/called to university.
    5 When is he going to graduate out of/from/off university?
    8 If I don't get into college I'll be made/done/forced to work.
    4 He had to take in/for/out a student loan.
    6 They can't help/pass/afford to pay for his studies.
    2 When do you take/pass/get the exam?

    Exercise 5

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    • Převeďte věty do trpného rodu v čase uvedeném v nápovědě.

    5 No houses are built. future
    7 Cars are made here. present continuous
    1 He was forced to take out a loan. present
    3 She is fired. past, future
    6 It isn't used. present perfect
    4 Their car is stolen. present perfect
    2 The car was sold. future
    8 He will be fired if he does that. second conditional

    Exercise 6

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 She's still a baby.
    • 2 How old is the house?
    • 3 She's been fired.
    • 4 Did he get into college?
    • 5 Is he still alive?
    • 6 Where's your car?
    • 7 Do you like my jacket?
    • 8 He did a very bad thing.
    • b She must be looked after.
    • e She's jobless now.
    • a No, he wasn't admitted.
    • d It was built in 1965.
    • h It's being repaired.
    • c No, he's dead. He was killed.
    • f It was made in Paris.
    • g He should be punished.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat s trpným rodem: I've been told that ... - Bylo mi řečeno, že... nebo I've been told to ... - Bylo mi řečeno, abych...

    Exercise 7

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    • Napište infinitivy sloves, která uslyšíte ve větách v trpném rodě.

    3
    4
    5
    7
    10
    8
    1
    2
    9
    6

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhé věty pomocí trpného rodu tak, aby měly stejný význam.

    9 You can find all information at: - All information at:
    6 You must eat it fresh. - It must fresh.
    1 We will inform you in time. - You in time.
    2 Nobody has used it yet. - It hasn't yet.
    3 They should promote him for that. - He for that.
    5 They will send two people there. - Two people there.
    4 They make great wine in Italy. - Great wine in Italy.
    8 Many people have read it. - It by many people.
    7 All the workers would do it. - It by all the workers.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 He's very strong. He keeps/works/puts out every day.
    8 I can't go on. I have given on/down/up.
    6 It's not known who brought/carried/worked out the attack.
    3 It's a long way. We must let/set/take out early tomorrow.
    5 Nobody's watching TV. I'll turn it in/off/away.
    4 We must hurry. We are running/going/carrying out of time.
    7 She's very old and must be looked/taken/given after.
    1 I don't know, but I will find on/in/out.

    Exercise 10

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    • Přeložte pomocí trpného rodu. Využijte nápovědu.

    7 Bylo mi řečeno, abych počkal.
    tell
    1 Bude to zaplaceno za týden.
    pay
    8 Byli bychom nuceni to vzdát.
    force, give up
    5 Schůzka byla zrušena. (předpřítomný čas)
    meeting, cancel
    3 Vychovala ji babička.
    bring up
    4 Je možné to vidět v Londýně.
    see
    6 Zpráva ještě nebyla odeslána.
    message, send
    2 Měl by dostat víc času.
    give

    Exercise 11

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy. Kde lze, použijte gerundium.

    7 How did he become rich? by, work hard
    5 What is he interested in? buy that house
    1 What is she good at? sing
    6 What did he thank you for? help him
    8 When will she come? after finish her work
    2 What is he afraid of? lose his job
    9 When do you take a shower? before go to bed
    3 What do they complain about? have no money
    4 What are they looking forward to? go on holiday

    Thank you for having me. je obrat, který lze volně přeložit jako “Díky za pozvání.” Můžete jej slyšet od hosta po návštěvě, v televizní debatě ap.

    Exercise 12

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky. Všímejte si způsobů překládání slovesa mít.

    • 1 Co mám dělat?
    • 2 Má přijet za hodinu.
    • 3 Měl by jí pomoct.
    • 4 Mám mu to říct?
    • 5 Měl by víc peněz.
    • 6 Neměl jsem na to čas.
    • 7 Neměl odpovídat.
    • 8 Nemělo by to být moc drahé.
    • e I didn't have time for that.
    • c He wasn't supposed to reply.
    • g It shouldn't be too expensive.
    • d What am I supposed to do?
    • h He is to arrive in an hour.
    • b Shall I tell him?
    • a He'd have more money.
    • f He should help her.

    Infinitivní obrat: To be continued ... znamená: Pokračování příště.

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    9 It's hard for me sometime/sometimes/some day.
    3 We haven't met since/from/until then.
    10 Have they arrived still/yet/now?
    1 He hasn't come still/yet/already.
    4 I'll do it as soon as ready/possible/already.
    2 I've known her from/since/for a long time.
    8 She isn't here at/in/on the moment. She's left already/still/just.
    11 He was here an hour since/ago/before.
    7 It'll be better next time/times/one.
    6 I've been there many time/more/times.
    5 I haven't seen her last/recently/at present.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte časové věty. Využijte nápovědu.

    7 Řeknu mu to hned, jak zavolá. as soon as
    5 Postarám se o děti, když bude Jane pryč. while
    4 Zavolám ti, až to dokončím. after
    8 Dokud bude pršet, zůstaneme doma. as long as
    6 Měl bys být zdvořilý, když o něco žádáš. when
    2 Dám ti vědět, až Mark přijde. when
    3 Počkáme, dokud se nevrátíš. until, come back
    1 Zavolej mi, než odejdeš. before

    Obrat as we speak se užívá v přímé řeči jako: právě teď o právě probíhající činnosti. Např. They are working on it as we speak. - Právě teď na tom pracují. Spojka as se užívá i ve významu když, jak(mile). Např.: As we get older ... - Jak stárneme..., They started as I got there. - Začali hned, jak jsem tam dorazil.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vhodné vztažné spojky.

    6 They had to buy a new one, cost them 10 000 pounds.
    12 The school I study is very old.
    7 They were introduced by a friend knows them both.
    11 What's the name of the author wrote that book?
    1 My brother, lives in our house, is still single.
    9 The children go to that school are not local.
    2 They live in Ipswich is in East England.
    10 Did you read the e-mail I sent you yesterday?
    5 That's the woman asked me about you.
    13 There are students are afraid of their schoolmates.
    4 He's the man wife has died.
    8 They've informed the man car was stolen.
    3 What's the colour of the car he bought?

    Slovo schoolmate je spolužák ze stejné školy (ne nutně třídy). Spolužák z téže třídy je classmate (class + mate). Koncovka -mate se užívá za podstatným jménem k vyjádření osoby, která něco sdílí s jinou osobou. Např. roommate - spolubydlící (z téhož pokoje - room), flatmate - spolubydlící (z téhož bytu - flat) ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Utvořte možné doplňovací otázky (WH questions) k následujícím odpovědím.

    2 Paul helped me do it.
    10 We need 200 more.
    7 I told Jack about it.
    5 I saw Jane.
    11 John's car was stolen.
    6 Nobody saw me.
    9 We'll meet at the station.
    3 I'll be back in an hour.
    1 I want nothing from you.
    12 It was caused by bad weather.
    8 I'm meeting Bob and Frank.
    4 Nobody asked me about it.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    1 Kam jsi chodil do školy?
    8 Teď tady zrovna není. (on)
    12 Bude povýšena.
    11 Budu nucen najít si jinou práci.
    16 Dávej pozor! (co děláš)
    10 Přijďte k nám někdy. (na návštěvu)
    7 Dostal trojku z angličtiny.
    2 Chodil jsem do jazykového kurzu.
    5 Nedostal se na vysokou.
    6 Brzy bude maturovat.
    15 Jak to mám vědět?
    9 Kdy jsi ho naposledy viděl?
    13 Měl by dostat padáka.
    14 Mají přijít za hodinu.
    4 Hlásila se na vysokou.

    Mathematics se hovorově řekne maths mæθs a v americké angličtině math mæθ.