Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    3 He failed the exam.
    5 I hope I will be admitted.
    1 Where did you go to school?
    12 He might know.
    2 She didn't get into college.
    10 I was educated at Trinity College.
    9 He got a university degree.
    6 Did you pass the exam?
    8 It takes a lot of studying.
    7 She attends a language course.
    4 She got a C in math.
    13 You may know her.
    11 What will he do after graduating?

    Course book je učebnice do jazykového kurzu (course kɔːs - kurz).

    Exercise 2

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    • Označte podle úvodního článku, co je pravda (true) a nepravda (false).

    1 Mark has already graduated from high school.
    3 Mark has two siblings, a younger one and an older one.
    8 Mark's elder brother wants to become a doctor.
    5 Mark would like to apply to college.
    7 Mark doesn't want to take out a student loan.
    2 He's a junior in high school.
    6 Mark's parents are rich enough to pay for his college studies.
    4 Mark himself has experienced bullying at school.

    Experience ve významu zkušenosti, praxe nemá množné číslo. Např.: No experience required. - Nevyžadujeme praxi. Ve významu zážitek se ale v množném čísle vyskytuje. Např.: He shared his experiences. - Podělil se o své zážitky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 Vzal si studentský úvěr.
    • 2 V kolikátém je ročníku?
    • 3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    • 4 Dobře se učí.
    • 5 Nebude půjčku moci splatit.
    • 6 Odešel ze školy.
    • 7 Studuje práva.
    • a Did he pass the exam?
    • f He's doing well at school.
    • d He took out a student loan.
    • e He's studying to be a lawyer.
    • g What grade is he in?
    • c He dropped out of school.
    • b He won't be able to repay the loan.

    V USA se studenti dle ročníků běžně nazývají: freshman ˈfrεʃmən (prvák), sophomore ˈsɒfəˌmɔː (druhák), junior ˈdʒuːnjə (třeťák) a senior ˈsiːnjə (čtvrťák).

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 He has many friends among/between/inside his schoolmates.
    8 If I don't get into college I'll be made/done/forced to work.
    5 When is he going to graduate out of/from/off university?
    6 They can't help/pass/afford to pay for his studies.
    2 When do you take/pass/get the exam?
    3 I asked/applied/called to university.
    4 He had to take in/for/out a student loan.
    1 He wasn't let/allowed/admitted to college.

    Exercise 5

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    • Převeďte věty do trpného rodu v čase uvedeném v nápovědě.

    4 Their car is stolen. present perfect
    5 No houses are built. future
    2 The car was sold. future
    1 He was forced to take out a loan. present
    6 It isn't used. present perfect
    3 She is fired. past, future
    8 He will be fired if he does that. second conditional
    7 Cars are made here. present continuous

    Exercise 6

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 She's still a baby.
    • 2 How old is the house?
    • 3 She's been fired.
    • 4 Did he get into college?
    • 5 Is he still alive?
    • 6 Where's your car?
    • 7 Do you like my jacket?
    • 8 He did a very bad thing.
    • e She's jobless now.
    • h It's being repaired.
    • g He should be punished.
    • b She must be looked after.
    • a No, he wasn't admitted.
    • f It was made in Paris.
    • d It was built in 1965.
    • c No, he's dead. He was killed.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat s trpným rodem: I've been told that ... - Bylo mi řečeno, že... nebo I've been told to ... - Bylo mi řečeno, abych...

    Exercise 7

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    • Napište infinitivy sloves, která uslyšíte ve větách v trpném rodě.

    1
    2
    7
    4
    5
    9
    3
    6
    10
    8

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhé věty pomocí trpného rodu tak, aby měly stejný význam.

    1 We will inform you in time. - You in time.
    4 They make great wine in Italy. - Great wine in Italy.
    8 Many people have read it. - It by many people.
    2 Nobody has used it yet. - It hasn't yet.
    3 They should promote him for that. - He for that.
    7 All the workers would do it. - It by all the workers.
    6 You must eat it fresh. - It must fresh.
    5 They will send two people there. - Two people there.
    9 You can find all information at: - All information at:

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 He's very strong. He keeps/works/puts out every day.
    8 I can't go on. I have given on/down/up.
    4 We must hurry. We are running/going/carrying out of time.
    7 She's very old and must be looked/taken/given after.
    1 I don't know, but I will find on/in/out.
    5 Nobody's watching TV. I'll turn it in/off/away.
    3 It's a long way. We must let/set/take out early tomorrow.
    6 It's not known who brought/carried/worked out the attack.

    Exercise 10

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    • Přeložte pomocí trpného rodu. Využijte nápovědu.

    5 Schůzka byla zrušena. (předpřítomný čas)
    meeting, cancel
    2 Měl by dostat víc času.
    give
    7 Bylo mi řečeno, abych počkal.
    tell
    1 Bude to zaplaceno za týden.
    pay
    4 Je možné to vidět v Londýně.
    see
    8 Byli bychom nuceni to vzdát.
    force, give up
    3 Vychovala ji babička.
    bring up
    6 Zpráva ještě nebyla odeslána.
    message, send

    Exercise 11

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy. Kde lze, použijte gerundium.

    3 What do they complain about? have no money
    8 When will she come? after finish her work
    9 When do you take a shower? before go to bed
    7 How did he become rich? by, work hard
    2 What is he afraid of? lose his job
    6 What did he thank you for? help him
    5 What is he interested in? buy that house
    1 What is she good at? sing
    4 What are they looking forward to? go on holiday

    Thank you for having me. je obrat, který lze volně přeložit jako “Díky za pozvání.” Můžete jej slyšet od hosta po návštěvě, v televizní debatě ap.

    Exercise 12

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky. Všímejte si způsobů překládání slovesa mít.

    • 1 Co mám dělat?
    • 2 Má přijet za hodinu.
    • 3 Měl by jí pomoct.
    • 4 Mám mu to říct?
    • 5 Měl by víc peněz.
    • 6 Neměl jsem na to čas.
    • 7 Neměl odpovídat.
    • 8 Nemělo by to být moc drahé.
    • a He'd have more money.
    • g It shouldn't be too expensive.
    • d What am I supposed to do?
    • c He wasn't supposed to reply.
    • f He should help her.
    • h He is to arrive in an hour.
    • b Shall I tell him?
    • e I didn't have time for that.

    Infinitivní obrat: To be continued ... znamená: Pokračování příště.

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    9 It's hard for me sometime/sometimes/some day.
    7 It'll be better next time/times/one.
    3 We haven't met since/from/until then.
    2 I've known her from/since/for a long time.
    8 She isn't here at/in/on the moment. She's left already/still/just.
    11 He was here an hour since/ago/before.
    1 He hasn't come still/yet/already.
    6 I've been there many time/more/times.
    4 I'll do it as soon as ready/possible/already.
    10 Have they arrived still/yet/now?
    5 I haven't seen her last/recently/at present.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte časové věty. Využijte nápovědu.

    1 Zavolej mi, než odejdeš. before
    3 Počkáme, dokud se nevrátíš. until, come back
    4 Zavolám ti, až to dokončím. after
    2 Dám ti vědět, až Mark přijde. when
    5 Postarám se o děti, když bude Jane pryč. while
    7 Řeknu mu to hned, jak zavolá. as soon as
    6 Měl bys být zdvořilý, když o něco žádáš. when
    8 Dokud bude pršet, zůstaneme doma. as long as

    Obrat as we speak se užívá v přímé řeči jako: právě teď o právě probíhající činnosti. Např. They are working on it as we speak. - Právě teď na tom pracují. Spojka as se užívá i ve významu když, jak(mile). Např.: As we get older ... - Jak stárneme..., They started as I got there. - Začali hned, jak jsem tam dorazil.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vhodné vztažné spojky.

    8 They've informed the man car was stolen.
    5 That's the woman asked me about you.
    1 My brother, lives in our house, is still single.
    6 They had to buy a new one, cost them 10 000 pounds.
    3 What's the colour of the car he bought?
    7 They were introduced by a friend knows them both.
    11 What's the name of the author wrote that book?
    4 He's the man wife has died.
    10 Did you read the e-mail I sent you yesterday?
    12 The school I study is very old.
    2 They live in Ipswich is in East England.
    13 There are students are afraid of their schoolmates.
    9 The children go to that school are not local.

    Slovo schoolmate je spolužák ze stejné školy (ne nutně třídy). Spolužák z téže třídy je classmate (class + mate). Koncovka -mate se užívá za podstatným jménem k vyjádření osoby, která něco sdílí s jinou osobou. Např. roommate - spolubydlící (z téhož pokoje - room), flatmate - spolubydlící (z téhož bytu - flat) ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Utvořte možné doplňovací otázky (WH questions) k následujícím odpovědím.

    2 Paul helped me do it.
    9 We'll meet at the station.
    10 We need 200 more.
    11 John's car was stolen.
    12 It was caused by bad weather.
    6 Nobody saw me.
    5 I saw Jane.
    8 I'm meeting Bob and Frank.
    3 I'll be back in an hour.
    4 Nobody asked me about it.
    1 I want nothing from you.
    7 I told Jack about it.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    12 Bude povýšena.
    1 Kam jsi chodil do školy?
    4 Hlásila se na vysokou.
    13 Měl by dostat padáka.
    6 Brzy bude maturovat.
    11 Budu nucen najít si jinou práci.
    8 Teď tady zrovna není. (on)
    5 Nedostal se na vysokou.
    15 Jak to mám vědět?
    10 Přijďte k nám někdy. (na návštěvu)
    3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    14 Mají přijít za hodinu.
    9 Kdy jsi ho naposledy viděl?
    16 Dávej pozor! (co děláš)
    7 Dostal trojku z angličtiny.
    2 Chodil jsem do jazykového kurzu.

    Mathematics se hovorově řekne maths mæθs a v americké angličtině math mæθ.