Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    13 You may know her.
    5 I hope I will be admitted.
    1 Where did you go to school?
    6 Did you pass the exam?
    8 It takes a lot of studying.
    3 He failed the exam.
    10 I was educated at Trinity College.
    7 She attends a language course.
    2 She didn't get into college.
    9 He got a university degree.
    12 He might know.
    11 What will he do after graduating?
    4 She got a C in math.

    Course book je učebnice do jazykového kurzu (course kɔːs - kurz).

    Exercise 2

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    • Označte podle úvodního článku, co je pravda (true) a nepravda (false).

    3 Mark has two siblings, a younger one and an older one.
    7 Mark doesn't want to take out a student loan.
    6 Mark's parents are rich enough to pay for his college studies.
    4 Mark himself has experienced bullying at school.
    8 Mark's elder brother wants to become a doctor.
    5 Mark would like to apply to college.
    1 Mark has already graduated from high school.
    2 He's a junior in high school.

    Experience ve významu zkušenosti, praxe nemá množné číslo. Např.: No experience required. - Nevyžadujeme praxi. Ve významu zážitek se ale v množném čísle vyskytuje. Např.: He shared his experiences. - Podělil se o své zážitky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 Vzal si studentský úvěr.
    • 2 V kolikátém je ročníku?
    • 3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    • 4 Dobře se učí.
    • 5 Nebude půjčku moci splatit.
    • 6 Odešel ze školy.
    • 7 Studuje práva.
    • f He's doing well at school.
    • e He's studying to be a lawyer.
    • a Did he pass the exam?
    • c He dropped out of school.
    • d He took out a student loan.
    • b He won't be able to repay the loan.
    • g What grade is he in?

    V USA se studenti dle ročníků běžně nazývají: freshman ˈfrεʃmən (prvák), sophomore ˈsɒfəˌmɔː (druhák), junior ˈdʒuːnjə (třeťák) a senior ˈsiːnjə (čtvrťák).

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 He has many friends among/between/inside his schoolmates.
    6 They can't help/pass/afford to pay for his studies.
    5 When is he going to graduate out of/from/off university?
    1 He wasn't let/allowed/admitted to college.
    3 I asked/applied/called to university.
    4 He had to take in/for/out a student loan.
    2 When do you take/pass/get the exam?
    8 If I don't get into college I'll be made/done/forced to work.

    Exercise 5

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    • Převeďte věty do trpného rodu v čase uvedeném v nápovědě.

    6 It isn't used. present perfect
    5 No houses are built. future
    2 The car was sold. future
    8 He will be fired if he does that. second conditional
    1 He was forced to take out a loan. present
    3 She is fired. past, future
    4 Their car is stolen. present perfect
    7 Cars are made here. present continuous

    Exercise 6

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 She's still a baby.
    • 2 How old is the house?
    • 3 She's been fired.
    • 4 Did he get into college?
    • 5 Is he still alive?
    • 6 Where's your car?
    • 7 Do you like my jacket?
    • 8 He did a very bad thing.
    • g He should be punished.
    • b She must be looked after.
    • e She's jobless now.
    • h It's being repaired.
    • a No, he wasn't admitted.
    • f It was made in Paris.
    • c No, he's dead. He was killed.
    • d It was built in 1965.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat s trpným rodem: I've been told that ... - Bylo mi řečeno, že... nebo I've been told to ... - Bylo mi řečeno, abych...

    Exercise 7

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    • Napište infinitivy sloves, která uslyšíte ve větách v trpném rodě.

    2
    1
    5
    3
    9
    6
    7
    4
    10
    8

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhé věty pomocí trpného rodu tak, aby měly stejný význam.

    7 All the workers would do it. - It by all the workers.
    6 You must eat it fresh. - It must fresh.
    2 Nobody has used it yet. - It hasn't yet.
    1 We will inform you in time. - You in time.
    3 They should promote him for that. - He for that.
    9 You can find all information at: - All information at:
    4 They make great wine in Italy. - Great wine in Italy.
    5 They will send two people there. - Two people there.
    8 Many people have read it. - It by many people.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 It's a long way. We must let/set/take out early tomorrow.
    1 I don't know, but I will find on/in/out.
    4 We must hurry. We are running/going/carrying out of time.
    2 He's very strong. He keeps/works/puts out every day.
    7 She's very old and must be looked/taken/given after.
    8 I can't go on. I have given on/down/up.
    5 Nobody's watching TV. I'll turn it in/off/away.
    6 It's not known who brought/carried/worked out the attack.

    Exercise 10

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    • Přeložte pomocí trpného rodu. Využijte nápovědu.

    1 Bude to zaplaceno za týden.
    pay
    4 Je možné to vidět v Londýně.
    see
    7 Bylo mi řečeno, abych počkal.
    tell
    5 Schůzka byla zrušena. (předpřítomný čas)
    meeting, cancel
    2 Měl by dostat víc času.
    give
    8 Byli bychom nuceni to vzdát.
    force, give up
    3 Vychovala ji babička.
    bring up
    6 Zpráva ještě nebyla odeslána.
    message, send

    Exercise 11

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy. Kde lze, použijte gerundium.

    2 What is he afraid of? lose his job
    8 When will she come? after finish her work
    5 What is he interested in? buy that house
    3 What do they complain about? have no money
    9 When do you take a shower? before go to bed
    6 What did he thank you for? help him
    1 What is she good at? sing
    7 How did he become rich? by, work hard
    4 What are they looking forward to? go on holiday

    Thank you for having me. je obrat, který lze volně přeložit jako “Díky za pozvání.” Můžete jej slyšet od hosta po návštěvě, v televizní debatě ap.

    Exercise 12

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky. Všímejte si způsobů překládání slovesa mít.

    • 1 Co mám dělat?
    • 2 Má přijet za hodinu.
    • 3 Měl by jí pomoct.
    • 4 Mám mu to říct?
    • 5 Měl by víc peněz.
    • 6 Neměl jsem na to čas.
    • 7 Neměl odpovídat.
    • 8 Nemělo by to být moc drahé.
    • h He is to arrive in an hour.
    • f He should help her.
    • c He wasn't supposed to reply.
    • a He'd have more money.
    • e I didn't have time for that.
    • d What am I supposed to do?
    • g It shouldn't be too expensive.
    • b Shall I tell him?

    Infinitivní obrat: To be continued ... znamená: Pokračování příště.

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    9 It's hard for me sometime/sometimes/some day.
    2 I've known her from/since/for a long time.
    6 I've been there many time/more/times.
    11 He was here an hour since/ago/before.
    7 It'll be better next time/times/one.
    8 She isn't here at/in/on the moment. She's left already/still/just.
    5 I haven't seen her last/recently/at present.
    10 Have they arrived still/yet/now?
    1 He hasn't come still/yet/already.
    3 We haven't met since/from/until then.
    4 I'll do it as soon as ready/possible/already.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte časové věty. Využijte nápovědu.

    4 Zavolám ti, až to dokončím. after
    3 Počkáme, dokud se nevrátíš. until, come back
    2 Dám ti vědět, až Mark přijde. when
    8 Dokud bude pršet, zůstaneme doma. as long as
    1 Zavolej mi, než odejdeš. before
    5 Postarám se o děti, když bude Jane pryč. while
    7 Řeknu mu to hned, jak zavolá. as soon as
    6 Měl bys být zdvořilý, když o něco žádáš. when

    Obrat as we speak se užívá v přímé řeči jako: právě teď o právě probíhající činnosti. Např. They are working on it as we speak. - Právě teď na tom pracují. Spojka as se užívá i ve významu když, jak(mile). Např.: As we get older ... - Jak stárneme..., They started as I got there. - Začali hned, jak jsem tam dorazil.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vhodné vztažné spojky.

    2 They live in Ipswich is in East England.
    1 My brother, lives in our house, is still single.
    8 They've informed the man car was stolen.
    4 He's the man wife has died.
    5 That's the woman asked me about you.
    6 They had to buy a new one, cost them 10 000 pounds.
    13 There are students are afraid of their schoolmates.
    11 What's the name of the author wrote that book?
    3 What's the colour of the car he bought?
    9 The children go to that school are not local.
    10 Did you read the e-mail I sent you yesterday?
    7 They were introduced by a friend knows them both.
    12 The school I study is very old.

    Slovo schoolmate je spolužák ze stejné školy (ne nutně třídy). Spolužák z téže třídy je classmate (class + mate). Koncovka -mate se užívá za podstatným jménem k vyjádření osoby, která něco sdílí s jinou osobou. Např. roommate - spolubydlící (z téhož pokoje - room), flatmate - spolubydlící (z téhož bytu - flat) ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Utvořte možné doplňovací otázky (WH questions) k následujícím odpovědím.

    4 Nobody asked me about it.
    12 It was caused by bad weather.
    10 We need 200 more.
    9 We'll meet at the station.
    7 I told Jack about it.
    11 John's car was stolen.
    2 Paul helped me do it.
    8 I'm meeting Bob and Frank.
    6 Nobody saw me.
    1 I want nothing from you.
    3 I'll be back in an hour.
    5 I saw Jane.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    7 Dostal trojku z angličtiny.
    16 Dávej pozor! (co děláš)
    10 Přijďte k nám někdy. (na návštěvu)
    13 Měl by dostat padáka.
    11 Budu nucen najít si jinou práci.
    8 Teď tady zrovna není. (on)
    15 Jak to mám vědět?
    6 Brzy bude maturovat.
    9 Kdy jsi ho naposledy viděl?
    2 Chodil jsem do jazykového kurzu.
    4 Hlásila se na vysokou.
    1 Kam jsi chodil do školy?
    12 Bude povýšena.
    14 Mají přijít za hodinu.
    3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    5 Nedostal se na vysokou.

    Mathematics se hovorově řekne maths mæθs a v americké angličtině math mæθ.