Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    9 He got a university degree.
    5 I hope I will be admitted.
    10 I was educated at Trinity College.
    12 He might know.
    3 He failed the exam.
    6 Did you pass the exam?
    1 Where did you go to school?
    13 You may know her.
    8 It takes a lot of studying.
    11 What will he do after graduating?
    2 She didn't get into college.
    7 She attends a language course.
    4 She got a C in math.

    Course book je učebnice do jazykového kurzu (course kɔːs - kurz).

    Exercise 2

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    • Označte podle úvodního článku, co je pravda (true) a nepravda (false).

    3 Mark has two siblings, a younger one and an older one.
    5 Mark would like to apply to college.
    7 Mark doesn't want to take out a student loan.
    1 Mark has already graduated from high school.
    4 Mark himself has experienced bullying at school.
    6 Mark's parents are rich enough to pay for his college studies.
    8 Mark's elder brother wants to become a doctor.
    2 He's a junior in high school.

    Experience ve významu zkušenosti, praxe nemá množné číslo. Např.: No experience required. - Nevyžadujeme praxi. Ve významu zážitek se ale v množném čísle vyskytuje. Např.: He shared his experiences. - Podělil se o své zážitky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 Vzal si studentský úvěr.
    • 2 V kolikátém je ročníku?
    • 3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    • 4 Dobře se učí.
    • 5 Nebude půjčku moci splatit.
    • 6 Odešel ze školy.
    • 7 Studuje práva.
    • a Did he pass the exam?
    • d He took out a student loan.
    • e He's studying to be a lawyer.
    • g What grade is he in?
    • c He dropped out of school.
    • b He won't be able to repay the loan.
    • f He's doing well at school.

    V USA se studenti dle ročníků běžně nazývají: freshman ˈfrεʃmən (prvák), sophomore ˈsɒfəˌmɔː (druhák), junior ˈdʒuːnjə (třeťák) a senior ˈsiːnjə (čtvrťák).

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 He has many friends among/between/inside his schoolmates.
    4 He had to take in/for/out a student loan.
    6 They can't help/pass/afford to pay for his studies.
    2 When do you take/pass/get the exam?
    8 If I don't get into college I'll be made/done/forced to work.
    1 He wasn't let/allowed/admitted to college.
    3 I asked/applied/called to university.
    5 When is he going to graduate out of/from/off university?

    Exercise 5

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    • Převeďte věty do trpného rodu v čase uvedeném v nápovědě.

    2 The car was sold. future
    4 Their car is stolen. present perfect
    6 It isn't used. present perfect
    3 She is fired. past, future
    8 He will be fired if he does that. second conditional
    1 He was forced to take out a loan. present
    5 No houses are built. future
    7 Cars are made here. present continuous

    Exercise 6

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 She's still a baby.
    • 2 How old is the house?
    • 3 She's been fired.
    • 4 Did he get into college?
    • 5 Is he still alive?
    • 6 Where's your car?
    • 7 Do you like my jacket?
    • 8 He did a very bad thing.
    • h It's being repaired.
    • g He should be punished.
    • e She's jobless now.
    • a No, he wasn't admitted.
    • d It was built in 1965.
    • f It was made in Paris.
    • c No, he's dead. He was killed.
    • b She must be looked after.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat s trpným rodem: I've been told that ... - Bylo mi řečeno, že... nebo I've been told to ... - Bylo mi řečeno, abych...

    Exercise 7

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    • Napište infinitivy sloves, která uslyšíte ve větách v trpném rodě.

    4
    9
    6
    10
    5
    3
    2
    7
    1
    8

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhé věty pomocí trpného rodu tak, aby měly stejný význam.

    9 You can find all information at: - All information at:
    4 They make great wine in Italy. - Great wine in Italy.
    7 All the workers would do it. - It by all the workers.
    8 Many people have read it. - It by many people.
    6 You must eat it fresh. - It must fresh.
    3 They should promote him for that. - He for that.
    2 Nobody has used it yet. - It hasn't yet.
    5 They will send two people there. - Two people there.
    1 We will inform you in time. - You in time.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 I don't know, but I will find on/in/out.
    6 It's not known who brought/carried/worked out the attack.
    7 She's very old and must be looked/taken/given after.
    8 I can't go on. I have given on/down/up.
    5 Nobody's watching TV. I'll turn it in/off/away.
    3 It's a long way. We must let/set/take out early tomorrow.
    4 We must hurry. We are running/going/carrying out of time.
    2 He's very strong. He keeps/works/puts out every day.

    Exercise 10

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    • Přeložte pomocí trpného rodu. Využijte nápovědu.

    3 Vychovala ji babička.
    bring up
    7 Bylo mi řečeno, abych počkal.
    tell
    4 Je možné to vidět v Londýně.
    see
    2 Měl by dostat víc času.
    give
    1 Bude to zaplaceno za týden.
    pay
    8 Byli bychom nuceni to vzdát.
    force, give up
    5 Schůzka byla zrušena. (předpřítomný čas)
    meeting, cancel
    6 Zpráva ještě nebyla odeslána.
    message, send

    Exercise 11

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy. Kde lze, použijte gerundium.

    2 What is he afraid of? lose his job
    5 What is he interested in? buy that house
    6 What did he thank you for? help him
    8 When will she come? after finish her work
    9 When do you take a shower? before go to bed
    3 What do they complain about? have no money
    7 How did he become rich? by, work hard
    1 What is she good at? sing
    4 What are they looking forward to? go on holiday

    Thank you for having me. je obrat, který lze volně přeložit jako “Díky za pozvání.” Můžete jej slyšet od hosta po návštěvě, v televizní debatě ap.

    Exercise 12

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky. Všímejte si způsobů překládání slovesa mít.

    • 1 Co mám dělat?
    • 2 Má přijet za hodinu.
    • 3 Měl by jí pomoct.
    • 4 Mám mu to říct?
    • 5 Měl by víc peněz.
    • 6 Neměl jsem na to čas.
    • 7 Neměl odpovídat.
    • 8 Nemělo by to být moc drahé.
    • a He'd have more money.
    • g It shouldn't be too expensive.
    • b Shall I tell him?
    • f He should help her.
    • c He wasn't supposed to reply.
    • h He is to arrive in an hour.
    • d What am I supposed to do?
    • e I didn't have time for that.

    Infinitivní obrat: To be continued ... znamená: Pokračování příště.

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    1 He hasn't come still/yet/already.
    6 I've been there many time/more/times.
    7 It'll be better next time/times/one.
    2 I've known her from/since/for a long time.
    4 I'll do it as soon as ready/possible/already.
    10 Have they arrived still/yet/now?
    9 It's hard for me sometime/sometimes/some day.
    5 I haven't seen her last/recently/at present.
    3 We haven't met since/from/until then.
    11 He was here an hour since/ago/before.
    8 She isn't here at/in/on the moment. She's left already/still/just.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte časové věty. Využijte nápovědu.

    4 Zavolám ti, až to dokončím. after
    5 Postarám se o děti, když bude Jane pryč. while
    1 Zavolej mi, než odejdeš. before
    7 Řeknu mu to hned, jak zavolá. as soon as
    2 Dám ti vědět, až Mark přijde. when
    8 Dokud bude pršet, zůstaneme doma. as long as
    6 Měl bys být zdvořilý, když o něco žádáš. when
    3 Počkáme, dokud se nevrátíš. until, come back

    Obrat as we speak se užívá v přímé řeči jako: právě teď o právě probíhající činnosti. Např. They are working on it as we speak. - Právě teď na tom pracují. Spojka as se užívá i ve významu když, jak(mile). Např.: As we get older ... - Jak stárneme..., They started as I got there. - Začali hned, jak jsem tam dorazil.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vhodné vztažné spojky.

    8 They've informed the man car was stolen.
    4 He's the man wife has died.
    1 My brother, lives in our house, is still single.
    12 The school I study is very old.
    7 They were introduced by a friend knows them both.
    9 The children go to that school are not local.
    2 They live in Ipswich is in East England.
    10 Did you read the e-mail I sent you yesterday?
    6 They had to buy a new one, cost them 10 000 pounds.
    11 What's the name of the author wrote that book?
    5 That's the woman asked me about you.
    13 There are students are afraid of their schoolmates.
    3 What's the colour of the car he bought?

    Slovo schoolmate je spolužák ze stejné školy (ne nutně třídy). Spolužák z téže třídy je classmate (class + mate). Koncovka -mate se užívá za podstatným jménem k vyjádření osoby, která něco sdílí s jinou osobou. Např. roommate - spolubydlící (z téhož pokoje - room), flatmate - spolubydlící (z téhož bytu - flat) ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Utvořte možné doplňovací otázky (WH questions) k následujícím odpovědím.

    12 It was caused by bad weather.
    7 I told Jack about it.
    2 Paul helped me do it.
    10 We need 200 more.
    9 We'll meet at the station.
    11 John's car was stolen.
    8 I'm meeting Bob and Frank.
    1 I want nothing from you.
    5 I saw Jane.
    6 Nobody saw me.
    4 Nobody asked me about it.
    3 I'll be back in an hour.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    1 Kam jsi chodil do školy?
    7 Dostal trojku z angličtiny.
    9 Kdy jsi ho naposledy viděl?
    13 Měl by dostat padáka.
    12 Bude povýšena.
    5 Nedostal se na vysokou.
    11 Budu nucen najít si jinou práci.
    6 Brzy bude maturovat.
    14 Mají přijít za hodinu.
    15 Jak to mám vědět?
    2 Chodil jsem do jazykového kurzu.
    4 Hlásila se na vysokou.
    8 Teď tady zrovna není. (on)
    10 Přijďte k nám někdy. (na návštěvu)
    16 Dávej pozor! (co děláš)

    Mathematics se hovorově řekne maths mæθs a v americké angličtině math mæθ.