Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    9 He got a university degree.
    8 It takes a lot of studying.
    7 She attends a language course.
    6 Did you pass the exam?
    5 I hope I will be admitted.
    12 He might know.
    4 She got a C in math.
    3 He failed the exam.
    10 I was educated at Trinity College.
    13 You may know her.
    2 She didn't get into college.
    1 Where did you go to school?
    11 What will he do after graduating?

    Course book je učebnice do jazykového kurzu (course kɔːs - kurz).

    Exercise 2

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    • Označte podle úvodního článku, co je pravda (true) a nepravda (false).

    2 He's a junior in high school.
    8 Mark's elder brother wants to become a doctor.
    7 Mark doesn't want to take out a student loan.
    6 Mark's parents are rich enough to pay for his college studies.
    3 Mark has two siblings, a younger one and an older one.
    5 Mark would like to apply to college.
    4 Mark himself has experienced bullying at school.
    1 Mark has already graduated from high school.

    Experience ve významu zkušenosti, praxe nemá množné číslo. Např.: No experience required. - Nevyžadujeme praxi. Ve významu zážitek se ale v množném čísle vyskytuje. Např.: He shared his experiences. - Podělil se o své zážitky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 Vzal si studentský úvěr.
    • 2 V kolikátém je ročníku?
    • 3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    • 4 Dobře se učí.
    • 5 Nebude půjčku moci splatit.
    • 6 Odešel ze školy.
    • 7 Studuje práva.
    • b He won't be able to repay the loan.
    • a Did he pass the exam?
    • c He dropped out of school.
    • f He's doing well at school.
    • d He took out a student loan.
    • e He's studying to be a lawyer.
    • g What grade is he in?

    V USA se studenti dle ročníků běžně nazývají: freshman ˈfrεʃmən (prvák), sophomore ˈsɒfəˌmɔː (druhák), junior ˈdʒuːnjə (třeťák) a senior ˈsiːnjə (čtvrťák).

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 I asked/applied/called to university.
    5 When is he going to graduate out of/from/off university?
    4 He had to take in/for/out a student loan.
    7 He has many friends among/between/inside his schoolmates.
    8 If I don't get into college I'll be made/done/forced to work.
    2 When do you take/pass/get the exam?
    1 He wasn't let/allowed/admitted to college.
    6 They can't help/pass/afford to pay for his studies.

    Exercise 5

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    • Převeďte věty do trpného rodu v čase uvedeném v nápovědě.

    7 Cars are made here. present continuous
    3 She is fired. past, future
    2 The car was sold. future
    5 No houses are built. future
    6 It isn't used. present perfect
    8 He will be fired if he does that. second conditional
    4 Their car is stolen. present perfect
    1 He was forced to take out a loan. present

    Exercise 6

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 She's still a baby.
    • 2 How old is the house?
    • 3 She's been fired.
    • 4 Did he get into college?
    • 5 Is he still alive?
    • 6 Where's your car?
    • 7 Do you like my jacket?
    • 8 He did a very bad thing.
    • e She's jobless now.
    • h It's being repaired.
    • c No, he's dead. He was killed.
    • f It was made in Paris.
    • g He should be punished.
    • b She must be looked after.
    • d It was built in 1965.
    • a No, he wasn't admitted.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat s trpným rodem: I've been told that ... - Bylo mi řečeno, že... nebo I've been told to ... - Bylo mi řečeno, abych...

    Exercise 7

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    • Napište infinitivy sloves, která uslyšíte ve větách v trpném rodě.

    10
    9
    4
    5
    7
    3
    2
    8
    6
    1

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhé věty pomocí trpného rodu tak, aby měly stejný význam.

    8 Many people have read it. - It by many people.
    6 You must eat it fresh. - It must fresh.
    3 They should promote him for that. - He for that.
    2 Nobody has used it yet. - It hasn't yet.
    4 They make great wine in Italy. - Great wine in Italy.
    9 You can find all information at: - All information at:
    5 They will send two people there. - Two people there.
    1 We will inform you in time. - You in time.
    7 All the workers would do it. - It by all the workers.

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 We must hurry. We are running/going/carrying out of time.
    2 He's very strong. He keeps/works/puts out every day.
    8 I can't go on. I have given on/down/up.
    7 She's very old and must be looked/taken/given after.
    3 It's a long way. We must let/set/take out early tomorrow.
    1 I don't know, but I will find on/in/out.
    6 It's not known who brought/carried/worked out the attack.
    5 Nobody's watching TV. I'll turn it in/off/away.

    Exercise 10

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    • Přeložte pomocí trpného rodu. Využijte nápovědu.

    7 Bylo mi řečeno, abych počkal.
    tell
    8 Byli bychom nuceni to vzdát.
    force, give up
    5 Schůzka byla zrušena. (předpřítomný čas)
    meeting, cancel
    1 Bude to zaplaceno za týden.
    pay
    4 Je možné to vidět v Londýně.
    see
    2 Měl by dostat víc času.
    give
    6 Zpráva ještě nebyla odeslána.
    message, send
    3 Vychovala ji babička.
    bring up

    Exercise 11

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy. Kde lze, použijte gerundium.

    8 When will she come? after finish her work
    3 What do they complain about? have no money
    7 How did he become rich? by, work hard
    1 What is she good at? sing
    6 What did he thank you for? help him
    9 When do you take a shower? before go to bed
    5 What is he interested in? buy that house
    2 What is he afraid of? lose his job
    4 What are they looking forward to? go on holiday

    Thank you for having me. je obrat, který lze volně přeložit jako “Díky za pozvání.” Můžete jej slyšet od hosta po návštěvě, v televizní debatě ap.

    Exercise 12

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky. Všímejte si způsobů překládání slovesa mít.

    • 1 Co mám dělat?
    • 2 Má přijet za hodinu.
    • 3 Měl by jí pomoct.
    • 4 Mám mu to říct?
    • 5 Měl by víc peněz.
    • 6 Neměl jsem na to čas.
    • 7 Neměl odpovídat.
    • 8 Nemělo by to být moc drahé.
    • g It shouldn't be too expensive.
    • f He should help her.
    • c He wasn't supposed to reply.
    • e I didn't have time for that.
    • h He is to arrive in an hour.
    • b Shall I tell him?
    • d What am I supposed to do?
    • a He'd have more money.

    Infinitivní obrat: To be continued ... znamená: Pokračování příště.

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    6 I've been there many time/more/times.
    9 It's hard for me sometime/sometimes/some day.
    5 I haven't seen her last/recently/at present.
    8 She isn't here at/in/on the moment. She's left already/still/just.
    4 I'll do it as soon as ready/possible/already.
    1 He hasn't come still/yet/already.
    2 I've known her from/since/for a long time.
    11 He was here an hour since/ago/before.
    10 Have they arrived still/yet/now?
    7 It'll be better next time/times/one.
    3 We haven't met since/from/until then.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte časové věty. Využijte nápovědu.

    4 Zavolám ti, až to dokončím. after
    7 Řeknu mu to hned, jak zavolá. as soon as
    1 Zavolej mi, než odejdeš. before
    3 Počkáme, dokud se nevrátíš. until, come back
    2 Dám ti vědět, až Mark přijde. when
    5 Postarám se o děti, když bude Jane pryč. while
    8 Dokud bude pršet, zůstaneme doma. as long as
    6 Měl bys být zdvořilý, když o něco žádáš. when

    Obrat as we speak se užívá v přímé řeči jako: právě teď o právě probíhající činnosti. Např. They are working on it as we speak. - Právě teď na tom pracují. Spojka as se užívá i ve významu když, jak(mile). Např.: As we get older ... - Jak stárneme..., They started as I got there. - Začali hned, jak jsem tam dorazil.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vhodné vztažné spojky.

    11 What's the name of the author wrote that book?
    2 They live in Ipswich is in East England.
    13 There are students are afraid of their schoolmates.
    1 My brother, lives in our house, is still single.
    4 He's the man wife has died.
    10 Did you read the e-mail I sent you yesterday?
    5 That's the woman asked me about you.
    6 They had to buy a new one, cost them 10 000 pounds.
    3 What's the colour of the car he bought?
    7 They were introduced by a friend knows them both.
    12 The school I study is very old.
    8 They've informed the man car was stolen.
    9 The children go to that school are not local.

    Slovo schoolmate je spolužák ze stejné školy (ne nutně třídy). Spolužák z téže třídy je classmate (class + mate). Koncovka -mate se užívá za podstatným jménem k vyjádření osoby, která něco sdílí s jinou osobou. Např. roommate - spolubydlící (z téhož pokoje - room), flatmate - spolubydlící (z téhož bytu - flat) ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Utvořte možné doplňovací otázky (WH questions) k následujícím odpovědím.

    5 I saw Jane.
    4 Nobody asked me about it.
    2 Paul helped me do it.
    10 We need 200 more.
    11 John's car was stolen.
    9 We'll meet at the station.
    12 It was caused by bad weather.
    7 I told Jack about it.
    3 I'll be back in an hour.
    1 I want nothing from you.
    8 I'm meeting Bob and Frank.
    6 Nobody saw me.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    9 Kdy jsi ho naposledy viděl?
    11 Budu nucen najít si jinou práci.
    15 Jak to mám vědět?
    14 Mají přijít za hodinu.
    6 Brzy bude maturovat.
    1 Kam jsi chodil do školy?
    13 Měl by dostat padáka.
    16 Dávej pozor! (co děláš)
    12 Bude povýšena.
    4 Hlásila se na vysokou.
    5 Nedostal se na vysokou.
    10 Přijďte k nám někdy. (na návštěvu)
    2 Chodil jsem do jazykového kurzu.
    7 Dostal trojku z angličtiny.
    3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    8 Teď tady zrovna není. (on)

    Mathematics se hovorově řekne maths mæθs a v americké angličtině math mæθ.