Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    1 Where did you go to school?
    2 She didn't get into college.
    3 He failed the exam.
    4 She got a C in math.
    5 I hope I will be admitted.
    6 Did you pass the exam?
    7 She attends a language course.
    8 It takes a lot of studying.
    9 He got a university degree.
    10 I was educated at Trinity College.
    11 What will he do after graduating?
    12 He might know.
    13 You may know her.

    Course book je učebnice do jazykového kurzu (course kɔːs - kurz).

    Exercise 2

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    • Označte podle úvodního článku, co je pravda (true) a nepravda (false).

    1 Mark has already graduated from high school.
    2 He's a junior in high school.
    3 Mark has two siblings, a younger one and an older one.
    4 Mark himself has experienced bullying at school.
    5 Mark would like to apply to college.
    6 Mark's parents are rich enough to pay for his college studies.
    7 Mark doesn't want to take out a student loan.
    8 Mark's elder brother wants to become a doctor.

    Experience ve významu zkušenosti, praxe nemá množné číslo. Např.: No experience required. - Nevyžadujeme praxi. Ve významu zážitek se ale v množném čísle vyskytuje. Např.: He shared his experiences. - Podělil se o své zážitky.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 Vzal si studentský úvěr.
    • 2 V kolikátém je ročníku?
    • 3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    • 4 Dobře se učí.
    • 5 Nebude půjčku moci splatit.
    • 6 Odešel ze školy.
    • 7 Studuje práva.
    • a Did he pass the exam?
    • b He won't be able to repay the loan.
    • c He dropped out of school.
    • d He took out a student loan.
    • e He's studying to be a lawyer.
    • f He's doing well at school.
    • g What grade is he in?

    V USA se studenti dle ročníků běžně nazývají: freshman ˈfrεʃmən (prvák), sophomore ˈsɒfəˌmɔː (druhák), junior ˈdʒuːnjə (třeťák) a senior ˈsiːnjə (čtvrťák).

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 He wasn't let/allowed/admitted to college.
    2 When do you take/pass/get the exam?
    3 I asked/applied/called to university.
    4 He had to take in/for/out a student loan.
    5 When is he going to graduate out of/from/off university?
    6 They can't help/pass/afford to pay for his studies.
    7 He has many friends among/between/inside his schoolmates.
    8 If I don't get into college I'll be made/done/forced to work.

    Exercise 5

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    • Převeďte věty do trpného rodu v čase uvedeném v nápovědě.

    1 He was forced to take out a loan. present
    2 The car was sold. future
    3 She is fired. past, future
    4 Their car is stolen. present perfect
    5 No houses are built. future
    6 It isn't used. present perfect
    7 Cars are made here. present continuous
    8 He will be fired if he does that. second conditional

    Exercise 6

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 She's still a baby.
    • 2 How old is the house?
    • 3 She's been fired.
    • 4 Did he get into college?
    • 5 Is he still alive?
    • 6 Where's your car?
    • 7 Do you like my jacket?
    • 8 He did a very bad thing.
    • a No, he wasn't admitted.
    • b She must be looked after.
    • c No, he's dead. He was killed.
    • d It was built in 1965.
    • e She's jobless now.
    • f It was made in Paris.
    • g He should be punished.
    • h It's being repaired.

    Zapamatujte si užitečný obrat s trpným rodem: I've been told that ... - Bylo mi řečeno, že... nebo I've been told to ... - Bylo mi řečeno, abych...

    Exercise 7

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    • Napište infinitivy sloves, která uslyšíte ve větách v trpném rodě.

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    9
    10

    Exercise 8

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    • Doplňte druhé věty pomocí trpného rodu tak, aby měly stejný význam.

    1 We will inform you in time. - You in time.
    2 Nobody has used it yet. - It hasn't yet.
    3 They should promote him for that. - He for that.
    4 They make great wine in Italy. - Great wine in Italy.
    5 They will send two people there. - Two people there.
    6 You must eat it fresh. - It must fresh.
    7 All the workers would do it. - It by all the workers.
    8 Many people have read it. - It by many people.
    9 You can find all information at: - All information at:

    Exercise 9

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 I don't know, but I will find on/in/out.
    2 He's very strong. He keeps/works/puts out every day.
    3 It's a long way. We must let/set/take out early tomorrow.
    4 We must hurry. We are running/going/carrying out of time.
    5 Nobody's watching TV. I'll turn it in/off/away.
    6 It's not known who brought/carried/worked out the attack.
    7 She's very old and must be looked/taken/given after.
    8 I can't go on. I have given on/down/up.

    Exercise 10

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    • Přeložte pomocí trpného rodu. Využijte nápovědu.

    1 Bude to zaplaceno za týden.
    pay
    2 Měl by dostat víc času.
    give
    3 Vychovala ji babička.
    bring up
    4 Je možné to vidět v Londýně.
    see
    5 Schůzka byla zrušena. (předpřítomný čas)
    meeting, cancel
    6 Zpráva ještě nebyla odeslána.
    message, send
    7 Bylo mi řečeno, abych počkal.
    tell
    8 Byli bychom nuceni to vzdát.
    force, give up

    Exercise 11

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    • Odpovězte celou větou podle nápovědy. Kde lze, použijte gerundium.

    1 What is she good at? sing
    2 What is he afraid of? lose his job
    3 What do they complain about? have no money
    4 What are they looking forward to? go on holiday
    5 What is he interested in? buy that house
    6 What did he thank you for? help him
    7 How did he become rich? by, work hard
    8 When will she come? after finish her work
    9 When do you take a shower? before go to bed

    Thank you for having me. je obrat, který lze volně přeložit jako “Díky za pozvání.” Můžete jej slyšet od hosta po návštěvě, v televizní debatě ap.

    Exercise 12

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky. Všímejte si způsobů překládání slovesa mít.

    • 1 Co mám dělat?
    • 2 Má přijet za hodinu.
    • 3 Měl by jí pomoct.
    • 4 Mám mu to říct?
    • 5 Měl by víc peněz.
    • 6 Neměl jsem na to čas.
    • 7 Neměl odpovídat.
    • 8 Nemělo by to být moc drahé.
    • a He'd have more money.
    • b Shall I tell him?
    • c He wasn't supposed to reply.
    • d What am I supposed to do?
    • e I didn't have time for that.
    • f He should help her.
    • g It shouldn't be too expensive.
    • h He is to arrive in an hour.

    Infinitivní obrat: To be continued ... znamená: Pokračování příště.

    Exercise 13

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    • Vyberte podle kontextu vhodné slovo.

    1 He hasn't come still/yet/already.
    2 I've known her from/since/for a long time.
    3 We haven't met since/from/until then.
    4 I'll do it as soon as ready/possible/already.
    5 I haven't seen her last/recently/at present.
    6 I've been there many time/more/times.
    7 It'll be better next time/times/one.
    8 She isn't here at/in/on the moment. She's left already/still/just.
    9 It's hard for me sometime/sometimes/some day.
    10 Have they arrived still/yet/now?
    11 He was here an hour since/ago/before.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přeložte časové věty. Využijte nápovědu.

    1 Zavolej mi, než odejdeš. before
    2 Dám ti vědět, až Mark přijde. when
    3 Počkáme, dokud se nevrátíš. until, come back
    4 Zavolám ti, až to dokončím. after
    5 Postarám se o děti, když bude Jane pryč. while
    6 Měl bys být zdvořilý, když o něco žádáš. when
    7 Řeknu mu to hned, jak zavolá. as soon as
    8 Dokud bude pršet, zůstaneme doma. as long as

    Obrat as we speak se užívá v přímé řeči jako: právě teď o právě probíhající činnosti. Např. They are working on it as we speak. - Právě teď na tom pracují. Spojka as se užívá i ve významu když, jak(mile). Např.: As we get older ... - Jak stárneme..., They started as I got there. - Začali hned, jak jsem tam dorazil.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte vhodné vztažné spojky.

    1 My brother, lives in our house, is still single.
    2 They live in Ipswich is in East England.
    3 What's the colour of the car he bought?
    4 He's the man wife has died.
    5 That's the woman asked me about you.
    6 They had to buy a new one, cost them 10 000 pounds.
    7 They were introduced by a friend knows them both.
    8 They've informed the man car was stolen.
    9 The children go to that school are not local.
    10 Did you read the e-mail I sent you yesterday?
    11 What's the name of the author wrote that book?
    12 The school I study is very old.
    13 There are students are afraid of their schoolmates.

    Slovo schoolmate je spolužák ze stejné školy (ne nutně třídy). Spolužák z téže třídy je classmate (class + mate). Koncovka -mate se užívá za podstatným jménem k vyjádření osoby, která něco sdílí s jinou osobou. Např. roommate - spolubydlící (z téhož pokoje - room), flatmate - spolubydlící (z téhož bytu - flat) ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Utvořte možné doplňovací otázky (WH questions) k následujícím odpovědím.

    1 I want nothing from you.
    2 Paul helped me do it.
    3 I'll be back in an hour.
    4 Nobody asked me about it.
    5 I saw Jane.
    6 Nobody saw me.
    7 I told Jack about it.
    8 I'm meeting Bob and Frank.
    9 We'll meet at the station.
    10 We need 200 more.
    11 John's car was stolen.
    12 It was caused by bad weather.

    Exercise 17

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    • Řekněte anglicky.

    1 Kam jsi chodil do školy?
    2 Chodil jsem do jazykového kurzu.
    3 Udělal tu zkoušku?
    4 Hlásila se na vysokou.
    5 Nedostal se na vysokou.
    6 Brzy bude maturovat.
    7 Dostal trojku z angličtiny.
    8 Teď tady zrovna není. (on)
    9 Kdy jsi ho naposledy viděl?
    10 Přijďte k nám někdy. (na návštěvu)
    11 Budu nucen najít si jinou práci.
    12 Bude povýšena.
    13 Měl by dostat padáka.
    14 Mají přijít za hodinu.
    15 Jak to mám vědět?
    16 Dávej pozor! (co děláš)

    Mathematics se hovorově řekne maths mæθs a v americké angličtině math mæθ.