Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 941

    • Přeložte.

    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    12 We moved in recently.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.

    Rooms to rent jsou pokoje k pronájmu a House for sale je dům na prodej.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 943

    • Odpovězte na otázky podle úvodních článků.

    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?

    Běžný idiom keep up with the Joneses lze přeložit jako “držet krok s ostatními”, nebo “nenechat se zahanbit sousedy”, tedy snažit se mít za každou cenu všechno to, co mají i lidé kolem. Fráze keep up with znamená držet krok s či stačit (komu).

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 945

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • b I work from home.
    • a We have a flat of our own.

    Zkratka DIY pochází ze spojení do-it-yourself (udělej to sám). Může fungovat i jako přídavné jméno. Např.: DIY man je kutil, DIY shop je prodejna pro kutily ap.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 947

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám někdo přijít., Budeme mít návštěvu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Přijdou ke mně kamarádi.

    Exercise 5

  • check
  • 949

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 950

    • Doplňte chybějící část překladu.

    4 Máme prostorný obývák. We have a spacious room.
    3 Bydlel jsem v podnájmu. I lived in .
    5 Potřebuji vlastní pokoj. I need a room of my .
    2 Majitel zvýšil nájem. The landlord has the rent.
    8 Rádi by založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    1 Bydlíme v nájmu v malém bytě. We a small flat.
    7 Je to třípokojový byt. It's a flat.
    6 Pracuji na půl úvazku z domu. I work from home.

    Start znamená česky nejen začít, ale také něco založit nebo rozjet. Např.: start a business - rozjet podnikání, He started a company. - Založil firmu. ap.

    Exercise 7

  • sentence
  • 952

    • Přepište věty pomocí stažených tvarů.

    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.

    Exercise 8

  • check
  • 953

    • Vyberte vhodná slova.

    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?

    Be stuck znamená vězet (nemoci pryč). Get stuck (změna stavu) je potom česky zůstat vězet/trčet. Např.: I got stuck in jam. - Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.

    Exercise 9

  • join
  • 955

    • Spojte výroky, které znamenají přibližně totéž.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • b I have to park my car outside.

    Pozor! Půjčit něco někomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)půjčit si něco od někoho je borrow (something from somebody). Např.: Can you lend me your car? - Můžeš mi půjčit auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Mohu si vypůjčit tvé auto? Sloveso lend je nepravidelné: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 957

    • Převeďte věty do času budoucího průběhového. Všímejte si analogií časů.

    4 I won't stay.
    2 We were watching him.
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    1 I'll wait there.
    7 We were eating out.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    10 I've been watching you.
    5 I was working on it.
    3 Who will do that?
    8 What were you wearing?

    Exercise 11

  • fil
  • 958

    • Doplňte podle kontextu chybějící slova.

    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.

    Pozor na rozdílné termíny: double bed - manželská postel (dvojlůžko) ALE twin bed jsou dvě samostatná lůžka (na hotelovém pokoji ap.) Twin twɪn je česky dvojče.

    Exercise 12

  • fil
  • 960

    • Doplňte správné tvary slov z nápovědy.

    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence-color
  • 961

    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Budou vás očekávat.
    expect
    13 Naúčtovali mi víc. (při placení)
    overcharge
    5 Rádi sedí u krbu.
    fireplace
    11 Provedu vás po domě.
    give, tour
    3 Nechali si postavit bazén.
    pool
    9 Potřebují vlastní bydlení.
    home
    8 Domácí zvýšil nájem o 10 procent.
    increase
    12 Je skoro nemožné najít dostupné bydlení.
    affordable
    1 Kolem zahrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    4 Utratili všechny své úspory.
    savings
    7 Bydlí v nájmu v třípokojovém bytě.
    two-bedroom flat
    10 Nechali si postavit zbrusu nový dům.
    brand-new
    2 Dole (v přízemí) je velký obývák.
    living room

    Realtor je v americké angličtině realitní makléř či přeneseně realitka. Např. We sold our home through a realtor. - Prodali jsme dům přes realitku. V Británii se užívá spíše termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 963

    • Přepište věty z britské do americké angličtiny.

    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    8 We'll take the underground.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    6 We live on the second floor.
    4 I'll have chips.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    1 The bill please!
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.

    Obrat: be hit by se běžně užívá, když někoho srazí vozidlo ap. Např.: She was hit by a passing car. - Srazilo ji projíždějící auto.

    Exercise 15

  • fil
  • 965

    • Doplňte věty tak, aby měly opačný význam. Kde lze, použijte odvozování pomocí předpon a přípon.

    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    4 They were careful. - They were .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhʊd lze přeložit jako sousedství, ale je to v podstatě i čtvrť nebo část města, kde někdo bydlí. Např. in our neighbourhood - tam u nás (kde bydlíme.) Pravopis v americké angličtině je neighborhood stejně jako u slova neighbour - (v americké angličtině) neighbor ap.

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 967

    • Přeložte.

    16 Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.
    3 Splnili jsme si svůj sen.
    5 Vzali jsme si hypotéku.
    11 Byla to láska na první pohled.
    1 Přestěhovali se do nového domu.
    4 Každý den dojíždím do práce.
    18 Měl jsi mi to říct.
    13 Víte to jistě?
    12 Srazilo ho auto.
    10 Bude muset bydlet v podnájmu.
    17 Musel o tom vědět.
    14 Udělal jsem to omylem.
    7 Stěhujeme se do jiného města.
    8 To rád slyším.
    9 Bydlím tady už 5 let.
    2 Bydlí teď mimo město.
    6 Budu nahoře. (v patře)
    15 Potkali jsme se náhodou.

    Termín landlord (land - zem + lord - pán) se obecně užívá pro majitele nemovitosti, který ji pronajímá. Ale pozor! Žena majitelka je landlady ˈlændˌleɪdɪ. Nájemník je anglicky tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájem jako smluvní vztah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opalovat se) je v angličtině v podstatě doslova “koupat se ve slunci” nebo “brát sluneční lázeň”: sun (slunce) + bathe beɪð (koupat se).