Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    12 We moved in recently.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.

    Rooms to rent jsou pokoje k pronájmu a House for sale je dům na prodej.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovězte na otázky podle úvodních článků.

    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?

    Běžný idiom keep up with the Joneses lze přeložit jako “držet krok s ostatními”, nebo “nenechat se zahanbit sousedy”, tedy snažit se mít za každou cenu všechno to, co mají i lidé kolem. Fráze keep up with znamená držet krok s či stačit (komu).

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • b I work from home.

    Zkratka DIY pochází ze spojení do-it-yourself (udělej to sám). Může fungovat i jako přídavné jméno. Např.: DIY man je kutil, DIY shop je prodejna pro kutily ap.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám někdo přijít., Budeme mít návštěvu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Přijdou ke mně kamarádi.

    Exercise 5

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chybějící část překladu.

    4 Máme prostorný obývák. We have a spacious room.
    2 Majitel zvýšil nájem. The landlord has the rent.
    6 Pracuji na půl úvazku z domu. I work from home.
    8 Rádi by založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    7 Je to třípokojový byt. It's a flat.
    5 Potřebuji vlastní pokoj. I need a room of my .
    3 Bydlel jsem v podnájmu. I lived in .
    1 Bydlíme v nájmu v malém bytě. We a small flat.

    Start znamená česky nejen začít, ale také něco založit nebo rozjet. Např.: start a business - rozjet podnikání, He started a company. - Založil firmu. ap.

    Exercise 7

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    • Přepište věty pomocí stažených tvarů.

    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodná slova.

    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?

    Be stuck znamená vězet (nemoci pryč). Get stuck (změna stavu) je potom česky zůstat vězet/trčet. Např.: I got stuck in jam. - Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, které znamenají přibližně totéž.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.

    Pozor! Půjčit něco někomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)půjčit si něco od někoho je borrow (something from somebody). Např.: Can you lend me your car? - Můžeš mi půjčit auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Mohu si vypůjčit tvé auto? Sloveso lend je nepravidelné: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Převeďte věty do času budoucího průběhového. Všímejte si analogií časů.

    4 I won't stay.
    8 What were you wearing?
    5 I was working on it.
    2 We were watching him.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    3 Who will do that?
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    10 I've been watching you.
    7 We were eating out.
    1 I'll wait there.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu chybějící slova.

    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.

    Pozor na rozdílné termíny: double bed - manželská postel (dvojlůžko) ALE twin bed jsou dvě samostatná lůžka (na hotelovém pokoji ap.) Twin twɪn je česky dvojče.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slov z nápovědy.

    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Utratili všechny své úspory.
    savings
    1 Kolem zahrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    6 Budou vás očekávat.
    expect
    7 Bydlí v nájmu v třípokojovém bytě.
    two-bedroom flat
    11 Provedu vás po domě.
    give, tour
    3 Nechali si postavit bazén.
    pool
    10 Nechali si postavit zbrusu nový dům.
    brand-new
    13 Naúčtovali mi víc. (při placení)
    overcharge
    2 Dole (v přízemí) je velký obývák.
    living room
    5 Rádi sedí u krbu.
    fireplace
    9 Potřebují vlastní bydlení.
    home
    8 Domácí zvýšil nájem o 10 procent.
    increase
    12 Je skoro nemožné najít dostupné bydlení.
    affordable

    Realtor je v americké angličtině realitní makléř či přeneseně realitka. Např. We sold our home through a realtor. - Prodali jsme dům přes realitku. V Británii se užívá spíše termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přepište věty z britské do americké angličtiny.

    8 We'll take the underground.
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    6 We live on the second floor.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    1 The bill please!
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    4 I'll have chips.

    Obrat: be hit by se běžně užívá, když někoho srazí vozidlo ap. Např.: She was hit by a passing car. - Srazilo ji projíždějící auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte věty tak, aby měly opačný význam. Kde lze, použijte odvozování pomocí předpon a přípon.

    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    4 They were careful. - They were .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhʊd lze přeložit jako sousedství, ale je to v podstatě i čtvrť nebo část města, kde někdo bydlí. Např. in our neighbourhood - tam u nás (kde bydlíme.) Pravopis v americké angličtině je neighborhood stejně jako u slova neighbour - (v americké angličtině) neighbor ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Přeložte.

    17 Musel o tom vědět.
    8 To rád slyším.
    13 Víte to jistě?
    11 Byla to láska na první pohled.
    9 Bydlím tady už 5 let.
    7 Stěhujeme se do jiného města.
    4 Každý den dojíždím do práce.
    5 Vzali jsme si hypotéku.
    15 Potkali jsme se náhodou.
    6 Budu nahoře. (v patře)
    2 Bydlí teď mimo město.
    16 Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.
    18 Měl jsi mi to říct.
    14 Udělal jsem to omylem.
    1 Přestěhovali se do nového domu.
    12 Srazilo ho auto.
    3 Splnili jsme si svůj sen.
    10 Bude muset bydlet v podnájmu.

    Termín landlord (land - zem + lord - pán) se obecně užívá pro majitele nemovitosti, který ji pronajímá. Ale pozor! Žena majitelka je landlady ˈlændˌleɪdɪ. Nájemník je anglicky tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájem jako smluvní vztah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opalovat se) je v angličtině v podstatě doslova “koupat se ve slunci” nebo “brát sluneční lázeň”: sun (slunce) + bathe beɪð (koupat se).