Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 941

    • Přeložte.

    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    12 We moved in recently.
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.

    Rooms to rent jsou pokoje k pronájmu a House for sale je dům na prodej.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 943

    • Odpovězte na otázky podle úvodních článků.

    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?

    Běžný idiom keep up with the Joneses lze přeložit jako “držet krok s ostatními”, nebo “nenechat se zahanbit sousedy”, tedy snažit se mít za každou cenu všechno to, co mají i lidé kolem. Fráze keep up with znamená držet krok s či stačit (komu).

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 945

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • b I work from home.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.

    Zkratka DIY pochází ze spojení do-it-yourself (udělej to sám). Může fungovat i jako přídavné jméno. Např.: DIY man je kutil, DIY shop je prodejna pro kutily ap.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 947

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám někdo přijít., Budeme mít návštěvu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Přijdou ke mně kamarádi.

    Exercise 5

  • check
  • 949

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 950

    • Doplňte chybějící část překladu.

    3 Bydlel jsem v podnájmu. I lived in .
    7 Je to třípokojový byt. It's a flat.
    4 Máme prostorný obývák. We have a spacious room.
    2 Majitel zvýšil nájem. The landlord has the rent.
    6 Pracuji na půl úvazku z domu. I work from home.
    5 Potřebuji vlastní pokoj. I need a room of my .
    8 Rádi by založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    1 Bydlíme v nájmu v malém bytě. We a small flat.

    Start znamená česky nejen začít, ale také něco založit nebo rozjet. Např.: start a business - rozjet podnikání, He started a company. - Založil firmu. ap.

    Exercise 7

  • sentence
  • 952

    • Přepište věty pomocí stažených tvarů.

    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.

    Exercise 8

  • check
  • 953

    • Vyberte vhodná slova.

    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.

    Be stuck znamená vězet (nemoci pryč). Get stuck (změna stavu) je potom česky zůstat vězet/trčet. Např.: I got stuck in jam. - Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.

    Exercise 9

  • join
  • 955

    • Spojte výroky, které znamenají přibližně totéž.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.

    Pozor! Půjčit něco někomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)půjčit si něco od někoho je borrow (something from somebody). Např.: Can you lend me your car? - Můžeš mi půjčit auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Mohu si vypůjčit tvé auto? Sloveso lend je nepravidelné: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 957

    • Převeďte věty do času budoucího průběhového. Všímejte si analogií časů.

    8 What were you wearing?
    1 I'll wait there.
    3 Who will do that?
    7 We were eating out.
    2 We were watching him.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    4 I won't stay.
    10 I've been watching you.
    5 I was working on it.
    6 I'm feeling tired.

    Exercise 11

  • fil
  • 958

    • Doplňte podle kontextu chybějící slova.

    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.

    Pozor na rozdílné termíny: double bed - manželská postel (dvojlůžko) ALE twin bed jsou dvě samostatná lůžka (na hotelovém pokoji ap.) Twin twɪn je česky dvojče.

    Exercise 12

  • fil
  • 960

    • Doplňte správné tvary slov z nápovědy.

    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence-color
  • 961

    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 Bydlí v nájmu v třípokojovém bytě.
    two-bedroom flat
    4 Utratili všechny své úspory.
    savings
    11 Provedu vás po domě.
    give, tour
    10 Nechali si postavit zbrusu nový dům.
    brand-new
    6 Budou vás očekávat.
    expect
    9 Potřebují vlastní bydlení.
    home
    12 Je skoro nemožné najít dostupné bydlení.
    affordable
    3 Nechali si postavit bazén.
    pool
    13 Naúčtovali mi víc. (při placení)
    overcharge
    8 Domácí zvýšil nájem o 10 procent.
    increase
    5 Rádi sedí u krbu.
    fireplace
    2 Dole (v přízemí) je velký obývák.
    living room
    1 Kolem zahrady je vysoký plot.
    fence

    Realtor je v americké angličtině realitní makléř či přeneseně realitka. Např. We sold our home through a realtor. - Prodali jsme dům přes realitku. V Británii se užívá spíše termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 963

    • Přepište věty z britské do americké angličtiny.

    6 We live on the second floor.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    1 The bill please!
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    4 I'll have chips.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    2 I've run out of petrol.

    Obrat: be hit by se běžně užívá, když někoho srazí vozidlo ap. Např.: She was hit by a passing car. - Srazilo ji projíždějící auto.

    Exercise 15

  • fil
  • 965

    • Doplňte věty tak, aby měly opačný význam. Kde lze, použijte odvozování pomocí předpon a přípon.

    1 She has children. - She's .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhʊd lze přeložit jako sousedství, ale je to v podstatě i čtvrť nebo část města, kde někdo bydlí. Např. in our neighbourhood - tam u nás (kde bydlíme.) Pravopis v americké angličtině je neighborhood stejně jako u slova neighbour - (v americké angličtině) neighbor ap.

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 967

    • Přeložte.

    6 Budu nahoře. (v patře)
    12 Srazilo ho auto.
    16 Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.
    4 Každý den dojíždím do práce.
    10 Bude muset bydlet v podnájmu.
    1 Přestěhovali se do nového domu.
    2 Bydlí teď mimo město.
    17 Musel o tom vědět.
    11 Byla to láska na první pohled.
    3 Splnili jsme si svůj sen.
    15 Potkali jsme se náhodou.
    13 Víte to jistě?
    5 Vzali jsme si hypotéku.
    9 Bydlím tady už 5 let.
    14 Udělal jsem to omylem.
    18 Měl jsi mi to říct.
    8 To rád slyším.
    7 Stěhujeme se do jiného města.

    Termín landlord (land - zem + lord - pán) se obecně užívá pro majitele nemovitosti, který ji pronajímá. Ale pozor! Žena majitelka je landlady ˈlændˌleɪdɪ. Nájemník je anglicky tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájem jako smluvní vztah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opalovat se) je v angličtině v podstatě doslova “koupat se ve slunci” nebo “brát sluneční lázeň”: sun (slunce) + bathe beɪð (koupat se).