Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    12 We moved in recently.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.

    Rooms to rent jsou pokoje k pronájmu a House for sale je dům na prodej.

    Exercise 2

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    • Odpovězte na otázky podle úvodních článků.

    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?
    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?

    Běžný idiom keep up with the Joneses lze přeložit jako “držet krok s ostatními”, nebo “nenechat se zahanbit sousedy”, tedy snažit se mít za každou cenu všechno to, co mají i lidé kolem. Fráze keep up with znamená držet krok s či stačit (komu).

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • b I work from home.
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • c I can't repair anything.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • f We moved in only recently.

    Zkratka DIY pochází ze spojení do-it-yourself (udělej to sám). Může fungovat i jako přídavné jméno. Např.: DIY man je kutil, DIY shop je prodejna pro kutily ap.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám někdo přijít., Budeme mít návštěvu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Přijdou ke mně kamarádi.

    Exercise 5

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.
    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte chybějící část překladu.

    3 Bydlel jsem v podnájmu. I lived in .
    1 Bydlíme v nájmu v malém bytě. We a small flat.
    5 Potřebuji vlastní pokoj. I need a room of my .
    8 Rádi by založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    2 Majitel zvýšil nájem. The landlord has the rent.
    4 Máme prostorný obývák. We have a spacious room.
    7 Je to třípokojový byt. It's a flat.
    6 Pracuji na půl úvazku z domu. I work from home.

    Start znamená česky nejen začít, ale také něco založit nebo rozjet. Např.: start a business - rozjet podnikání, He started a company. - Založil firmu. ap.

    Exercise 7

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    • Přepište věty pomocí stažených tvarů.

    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodná slova.

    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.

    Be stuck znamená vězet (nemoci pryč). Get stuck (změna stavu) je potom česky zůstat vězet/trčet. Např.: I got stuck in jam. - Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.

    Exercise 9

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    • Spojte výroky, které znamenají přibližně totéž.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • g She's on the ground floor.

    Pozor! Půjčit něco někomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)půjčit si něco od někoho je borrow (something from somebody). Např.: Can you lend me your car? - Můžeš mi půjčit auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Mohu si vypůjčit tvé auto? Sloveso lend je nepravidelné: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

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    • Převeďte věty do času budoucího průběhového. Všímejte si analogií časů.

    1 I'll wait there.
    4 I won't stay.
    8 What were you wearing?
    5 I was working on it.
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    3 Who will do that?
    10 I've been watching you.
    7 We were eating out.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    2 We were watching him.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu chybějící slova.

    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.

    Pozor na rozdílné termíny: double bed - manželská postel (dvojlůžko) ALE twin bed jsou dvě samostatná lůžka (na hotelovém pokoji ap.) Twin twɪn je česky dvojče.

    Exercise 12

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slov z nápovědy.

    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.

    Exercise 13

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    4 Utratili všechny své úspory.
    savings
    11 Provedu vás po domě.
    give, tour
    8 Domácí zvýšil nájem o 10 procent.
    increase
    7 Bydlí v nájmu v třípokojovém bytě.
    two-bedroom flat
    1 Kolem zahrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    9 Potřebují vlastní bydlení.
    home
    13 Naúčtovali mi víc. (při placení)
    overcharge
    3 Nechali si postavit bazén.
    pool
    6 Budou vás očekávat.
    expect
    10 Nechali si postavit zbrusu nový dům.
    brand-new
    5 Rádi sedí u krbu.
    fireplace
    12 Je skoro nemožné najít dostupné bydlení.
    affordable
    2 Dole (v přízemí) je velký obývák.
    living room

    Realtor je v americké angličtině realitní makléř či přeneseně realitka. Např. We sold our home through a realtor. - Prodali jsme dům přes realitku. V Británii se užívá spíše termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

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    • Přepište věty z britské do americké angličtiny.

    1 The bill please!
    5 We'll watch a film.
    4 I'll have chips.
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    6 We live on the second floor.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    12 He was hit by a lorry.

    Obrat: be hit by se běžně užívá, když někoho srazí vozidlo ap. Např.: She was hit by a passing car. - Srazilo ji projíždějící auto.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte věty tak, aby měly opačný význam. Kde lze, použijte odvozování pomocí předpon a přípon.

    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhʊd lze přeložit jako sousedství, ale je to v podstatě i čtvrť nebo část města, kde někdo bydlí. Např. in our neighbourhood - tam u nás (kde bydlíme.) Pravopis v americké angličtině je neighborhood stejně jako u slova neighbour - (v americké angličtině) neighbor ap.

    Exercise 16

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    • Přeložte.

    7 Stěhujeme se do jiného města.
    8 To rád slyším.
    13 Víte to jistě?
    3 Splnili jsme si svůj sen.
    4 Každý den dojíždím do práce.
    16 Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.
    10 Bude muset bydlet v podnájmu.
    12 Srazilo ho auto.
    9 Bydlím tady už 5 let.
    11 Byla to láska na první pohled.
    18 Měl jsi mi to říct.
    5 Vzali jsme si hypotéku.
    15 Potkali jsme se náhodou.
    1 Přestěhovali se do nového domu.
    2 Bydlí teď mimo město.
    17 Musel o tom vědět.
    6 Budu nahoře. (v patře)
    14 Udělal jsem to omylem.

    Termín landlord (land - zem + lord - pán) se obecně užívá pro majitele nemovitosti, který ji pronajímá. Ale pozor! Žena majitelka je landlady ˈlændˌleɪdɪ. Nájemník je anglicky tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájem jako smluvní vztah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opalovat se) je v angličtině v podstatě doslova “koupat se ve slunci” nebo “brát sluneční lázeň”: sun (slunce) + bathe beɪð (koupat se).