Exercises

Exercise 1

  • sentence
  • 941

    • Přeložte.

    9 They fell in love at first sight.
    1 Do you rent or own your home?
    15 We'll have a barbecue in the backyard.
    3 We used to live outside the city.
    2 How long have you lived here?
    7 We'll be repaying it for 20 years.
    8 They spent a lot of money on furniture.
    4 They live in downtown Chicago.
    6 We had to take out a mortgage.
    11 The rent went up by 30 per cent.
    10 Our landlord increased the rent.
    14 Can you describe it in more detail?
    5 We don't have enough savings to buy a house.
    13 I'll give you a tour of the house.
    12 We moved in recently.

    Rooms to rent jsou pokoje k pronájmu a House for sale je dům na prodej.

    Exercise 2

  • sentence
  • 943

    • Odpovězte na otázky podle úvodních článků.

    3 Is it true that the Johnsons are both American by birth?
    10 Does Mrs Johnson like cooking?
    8 Which room in the Johnsons' house has a balcony?
    5 Did the Johnsons keep their old downtown apartment?
    7 Did the Johnsons live together before their marriage?
    2 How much has the landlord increased the rent?
    6 How many cars can be parked in their garage?
    9 Do the Johnsons want to have more children?
    1 How many miles does he travel to work and back every day?
    4 How long has Mrs Johnson been married to Mr Johnson?

    Běžný idiom keep up with the Joneses lze přeložit jako “držet krok s ostatními”, nebo “nenechat se zahanbit sousedy”, tedy snažit se mít za každou cenu všechno to, co mají i lidé kolem. Fráze keep up with znamená držet krok s či stačit (komu).

    Exercise 3

  • join
  • 945

    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 I'm really bad at DIY.
    • 2 Is there an attic in your house?
    • 3 Do you have kids?
    • 4 Do you rent or own?
    • 5 I don't commute.
    • 6 We don't have enough savings.
    • 7 How long have you lived here?
    • 8 What does it look like?
    • a We have a flat of our own.
    • e No, but we want to start a family.
    • g Can you describe it to me?
    • d We'll have to take out a mortgage.
    • f We moved in only recently.
    • b I work from home.
    • h No, but we have a large basement.
    • c I can't repair anything.

    Zkratka DIY pochází ze spojení do-it-yourself (udělej to sám). Může fungovat i jako přídavné jméno. Např.: DIY man je kutil, DIY shop je prodejna pro kutily ap.

    Exercise 4

  • check
  • 947

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 I didn't plan on meeting him. We met of/by/in accident.
    6 I know that for true/sure/hard. I heard him saying that.
    4 They saved him at/of/from being homeless.
    5 I'm afraid our bus is late. - No, it's on/at/in schedule.
    8 They don't have their own home. They live in suburbs/utilities/lodgings.
    7 I can't go there tonight. Can you go there instead at/in/of me?
    9 I paid 37 dollars instead of 31. They exchanged/overcharged/tipped me.
    3 There was no one else with him. He was all in/on/by himself.
    10 Are you coming to the party? - No, I'm not in the sight/mood/case for it.
    2 We didn't get anything in/on/at return for our help.

    We have people coming over. znamená: Má k nám někdo přijít., Budeme mít návštěvu. ap. My friends are coming over. - Přijdou ke mně kamarádi.

    Exercise 5

  • check
  • 949

    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    7 Guests can sleep on the second floor of their house.
    6 They bought a house which they liked at first sight.
    5 They'll be repaying their mortgage for more than 15 years.
    4 The Johnsons already have two kids.
    2 Mr Johnson is quite good at DIY.
    8 Up to eight people can eat in the kitchen.
    1 There's no front yard at the Johnsons' house.
    3 The home prices are higher now than they were 5 years ago.

    Exercise 6

  • sentence
  • 950

    • Doplňte chybějící část překladu.

    8 Rádi by založili rodinu. They'd like to a family.
    1 Bydlíme v nájmu v malém bytě. We a small flat.
    5 Potřebuji vlastní pokoj. I need a room of my .
    7 Je to třípokojový byt. It's a flat.
    4 Máme prostorný obývák. We have a spacious room.
    6 Pracuji na půl úvazku z domu. I work from home.
    2 Majitel zvýšil nájem. The landlord has the rent.
    3 Bydlel jsem v podnájmu. I lived in .

    Start znamená česky nejen začít, ale také něco založit nebo rozjet. Např.: start a business - rozjet podnikání, He started a company. - Založil firmu. ap.

    Exercise 7

  • sentence
  • 952

    • Přepište věty pomocí stažených tvarů.

    3 He is really sorry. - really sorry.
    9 I would have come but I could not. - I come but I .
    8 I would love to see it. - love to see it.
    1 How is your family? - your family?
    4 He has done a bad thing. - done a bad thing.
    2 How has he been doing? - he been doing?
    6 You had better go now. - better go now.
    5 They had been there before. - been there before.
    7 I cannot tell you. He would be angry. - I tell you. be angry.

    Exercise 8

  • check
  • 953

    • Vyberte vhodná slova.

    8 You should book the tickets on/at/in advance.
    2 It can be very dangerous. You should be careless/cared/careful.
    7 It must have cost/costed/costing a lot of money.
    9 He has to go in/on/by car. He feels sick when travelling in/by/on the bus.
    5 I'm sorry for not had/have/having replied before.
    6 I had it repaired. - How much did they cost/charge/price you for that?
    10 Take the underground if you don't want to be stuck in a traffic ham/jam/yard.
    3 How do you deal of/after/with commuting and traffic jams?
    1 I can't do anything. I'm powerless/powerful/powering.
    11 A one-room flat is usually called a lounge/studio/living apartment in American English.
    4 We love water. We had a fence/lounge/pool built behind the house.

    Be stuck znamená vězet (nemoci pryč). Get stuck (změna stavu) je potom česky zůstat vězet/trčet. Např.: I got stuck in jam. - Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.

    Exercise 9

  • join
  • 955

    • Spojte výroky, které znamenají přibližně totéž.

    • 1 She's downstairs.
    • 2 She loves cooking.
    • 3 They don't live here anymore.
    • 4 Utility costs have gone up.
    • 5 Someone has to do it.
    • 6 They took out a mortgage.
    • 7 They live in lodgings.
    • 8 There's no garage in my house.
    • c They pay for living in that room.
    • b I have to park my car outside.
    • d It needs to be done.
    • a They borrowed money from a bank.
    • h They've moved to another city.
    • e It's more expensive to use the flat now.
    • g She's on the ground floor.
    • f She's in the kitchen all the time.

    Pozor! Půjčit něco někomu je lend (something to somebody), ale (vy)půjčit si něco od někoho je borrow (something from somebody). Např.: Can you lend me your car? - Můžeš mi půjčit auto? ALE Can I borrow your car? - Mohu si vypůjčit tvé auto? Sloveso lend je nepravidelné: lent (PT) - lent (PP).

    Exercise 10

  • sentence
  • 957

    • Převeďte věty do času budoucího průběhového. Všímejte si analogií časů.

    1 I'll wait there.
    2 We were watching him.
    9 Who's looking after them?
    8 What were you wearing?
    6 I'm feeling tired.
    7 We were eating out.
    10 I've been watching you.
    5 I was working on it.
    3 Who will do that?
    4 I won't stay.

    Exercise 11

  • fil
  • 958

    • Doplňte podle kontextu chybějící slova.

    1 He been watching TV since morning.
    4 There's a high white around our back yard.
    5 I'm really glad to seen you.
    3 He's in the now taking a shower.
    9 There'll be a double for me and my husband in the bedroom.
    6 We have a big dining table. It can be used by to 8 people.
    2 There's a in our house because we like to sit by the fire.
    8 There's a lot of for storing things in the basement.
    7 There's a fireplace and a TV in the room downstairs.

    Pozor na rozdílné termíny: double bed - manželská postel (dvojlůžko) ALE twin bed jsou dvě samostatná lůžka (na hotelovém pokoji ap.) Twin twɪn je česky dvojče.

    Exercise 12

  • fil
  • 960

    • Doplňte správné tvary slov z nápovědy.

    4 We've own the house for some 10 years.
    3 I'd help her right now if she ask me.
    8 She's be married to him for 10 years.
    7 I'm glad to have see it.
    1 You should've call me yesterday.
    2 I'd speak with him it before she arrived.
    5 He's been read it for hours.
    6 We didn't have money so we have to take out a mortgage.

    Exercise 13

  • sentence-color
  • 961

    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Domácí zvýšil nájem o 10 procent.
    increase
    13 Naúčtovali mi víc. (při placení)
    overcharge
    5 Rádi sedí u krbu.
    fireplace
    3 Nechali si postavit bazén.
    pool
    11 Provedu vás po domě.
    give, tour
    12 Je skoro nemožné najít dostupné bydlení.
    affordable
    1 Kolem zahrady je vysoký plot.
    fence
    2 Dole (v přízemí) je velký obývák.
    living room
    4 Utratili všechny své úspory.
    savings
    7 Bydlí v nájmu v třípokojovém bytě.
    two-bedroom flat
    6 Budou vás očekávat.
    expect
    10 Nechali si postavit zbrusu nový dům.
    brand-new
    9 Potřebují vlastní bydlení.
    home

    Realtor je v americké angličtině realitní makléř či přeneseně realitka. Např. We sold our home through a realtor. - Prodali jsme dům přes realitku. V Británii se užívá spíše termín estate agent ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənt resp. estate agency ɪˈsteɪtˈeɪdʒənsɪ.

    Exercise 14

  • sentence
  • 963

    • Přepište věty z britské do americké angličtiny.

    12 He was hit by a lorry.
    10 I left it in the boot of my car.
    3 I'm hungry, mum!
    4 I'll have chips.
    2 I've run out of petrol.
    5 We'll watch a film.
    9 I live in a block of flats.
    11 What's on at the cinema?
    7 I've bought new trousers.
    6 We live on the second floor.
    8 We'll take the underground.
    1 The bill please!

    Obrat: be hit by se běžně užívá, když někoho srazí vozidlo ap. Např.: She was hit by a passing car. - Srazilo ji projíždějící auto.

    Exercise 15

  • fil
  • 965

    • Doplňte věty tak, aby měly opačný význam. Kde lze, použijte odvozování pomocí předpon a přípon.

    9 He became a waiter. - She became a .
    1 She has children. - She's .
    10 We met three Englishmen. - We met three .
    4 They were careful. - They were .
    6 Their names are known. - Their names are .
    3 She looked happy. - She looked .
    2 They have a home. - They're .
    8 She's female. - He's .
    5 It'll be painful. - It'll be .
    7 He's powerful. - He's .

    Neighbourhood ˈneɪbəˌhʊd lze přeložit jako sousedství, ale je to v podstatě i čtvrť nebo část města, kde někdo bydlí. Např. in our neighbourhood - tam u nás (kde bydlíme.) Pravopis v americké angličtině je neighborhood stejně jako u slova neighbour - (v americké angličtině) neighbor ap.

    Exercise 16

  • sentence
  • 967

    • Přeložte.

    10 Bude muset bydlet v podnájmu.
    16 Zůstal jsem trčet v zácpě.
    12 Srazilo ho auto.
    13 Víte to jistě?
    18 Měl jsi mi to říct.
    3 Splnili jsme si svůj sen.
    8 To rád slyším.
    5 Vzali jsme si hypotéku.
    7 Stěhujeme se do jiného města.
    11 Byla to láska na první pohled.
    15 Potkali jsme se náhodou.
    14 Udělal jsem to omylem.
    9 Bydlím tady už 5 let.
    2 Bydlí teď mimo město.
    4 Každý den dojíždím do práce.
    1 Přestěhovali se do nového domu.
    17 Musel o tom vědět.
    6 Budu nahoře. (v patře)

    Termín landlord (land - zem + lord - pán) se obecně užívá pro majitele nemovitosti, který ji pronajímá. Ale pozor! Žena majitelka je landlady ˈlændˌleɪdɪ. Nájemník je anglicky tenant ˈtεnənt. Nájem jako smluvní vztah je lease liːs.

    Sunbathe (opalovat se) je v angličtině v podstatě doslova “koupat se ve slunci” nebo “brát sluneční lázeň”: sun (slunce) + bathe beɪð (koupat se).