Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    16 I'll do it asap.
    2 I don't get it.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    3 It's getting worse.
    14 We had the house built.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    6 It made him angry.
    8 He's to come too.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    1 How've you been?
    11 I'll do my best.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    7 He's known her for years.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • g until they came back.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    6 She was hit by a car.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    1 Where be you last night?
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    4 He's speak to her.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He drank five beers.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    2 I've a big mistake.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    15 it sense to you?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    14 He it to her angry.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    1 Have you your homework?
    6 We can't without their help.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    7
    9
    10
    3
    6
    8
    2
    5
    1
    4

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • h He was born there.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • d I'm an only child.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    1 Máte pravdu.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    4 Co se děje?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...