Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    3 It's getting worse.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    2 I don't get it.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    14 We had the house built.
    1 How've you been?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    6 It made him angry.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    8 He's to come too.
    7 He's known her for years.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    11 I'll do my best.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • f which made him angry.
    • b what happened to her.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?
    4 He's speak to her.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    9 He drank five beers.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    6 We can't without their help.
    1 Have you your homework?
    15 it sense to you?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    14 He it to her angry.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    11 He a lot of money last year.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    9
    5
    6
    4
    3
    2
    7
    10
    8
    1

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • a He's seriously ill.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    4 Co se děje?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...