Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    19 I was fined for speeding.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    14 We had the house built.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    8 He's to come too.
    2 I don't get it.
    7 He's known her for years.
    11 I'll do my best.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    6 It made him angry.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    3 It's getting worse.
    1 How've you been?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    5 He has no sense of humour.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    4 He's speak to her.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    1 Where be you last night?
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    6 She was hit by a car.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    15 it sense to you?
    2 I've a big mistake.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    13 This dress me look fat.
    1 Have you your homework?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    6 We can't without their help.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    14 He it to her angry.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    8 I need to a phone call.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    8
    6
    1
    5
    9
    10
    3
    7
    4

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • b I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    4 Už odešli.
    already

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Nemusíte platit.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    4 Co se děje?
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...