Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    11 I'll do my best.
    2 I don't get it.
    1 How've you been?
    3 It's getting worse.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    8 He's to come too.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    14 We had the house built.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    7 He's known her for years.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    6 It made him angry.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.
    • b what happened to her.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    3 I've bring some wine.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    4 He's speak to her.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    1 Where be you last night?

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He drank five beers.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    6 We can't without their help.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her angry.
    15 it sense to you?
    1 Have you your homework?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    3
    10
    1
    8
    7
    4
    5
    6
    2
    9

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • c I've eaten.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    4 Co se děje?
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    1 Máte pravdu.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    6 Postarám se o to.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...