Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    7 He's known her for years.
    11 I'll do my best.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    3 It's getting worse.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    6 It made him angry.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    14 We had the house built.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    1 How've you been?
    2 I don't get it.
    8 He's to come too.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    15 Have you done it yet?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • f which made him angry.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • b what happened to her.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    1 Where be you last night?
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    4 He's speak to her.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    9 He drank five beers.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    15 it sense to you?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    6 We can't without their help.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    1 Have you your homework?
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    14 He it to her angry.
    13 This dress me look fat.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    5
    2
    6
    8
    1
    4
    3
    7
    9
    10

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    4 Už odešli.
    already

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    4 Co se děje?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...