Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    15 Have you done it yet?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    2 I don't get it.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    3 It's getting worse.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    14 We had the house built.
    11 I'll do my best.
    8 He's to come too.
    1 How've you been?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    7 He's known her for years.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    6 It made him angry.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    4 He's speak to her.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    3 I've bring some wine.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    9 He drank five beers.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    6 We can't without their help.
    15 it sense to you?
    14 He it to her angry.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    1 Have you your homework?

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    1
    6
    8
    10
    3
    2
    4
    5
    7
    9

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • h He was born there.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    4 Co se děje?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...