Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Can you give me a lift?
    2 I don't get it.
    6 It made him angry.
    11 I'll do my best.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    3 It's getting worse.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    14 We had the house built.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    1 How've you been?
    8 He's to come too.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    7 He's known her for years.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • a for about two years now.
    • b what happened to her.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    3 I've bring some wine.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    4 He's speak to her.
    1 Where be you last night?
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    3 Stop fun of me!
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    14 He it to her angry.
    1 Have you your homework?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    15 it sense to you?
    13 This dress me look fat.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    6 We can't without their help.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    7
    8
    3
    5
    6
    4
    1
    10
    9

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • e He's employed.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    4 Co se děje?
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    10 Nemusíte platit.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...