Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    2 I don't get it.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    8 He's to come too.
    7 He's known her for years.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    11 I'll do my best.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    14 We had the house built.
    1 How've you been?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    6 It made him angry.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    3 It's getting worse.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • b what happened to her.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    4 He's speak to her.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    1 Where be you last night?
    3 I've bring some wine.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    13 This dress me look fat.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    15 it sense to you?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    6 We can't without their help.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    1 Have you your homework?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    14 He it to her angry.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    8
    5
    6
    3
    4
    1
    7
    2
    10
    9

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • c I've eaten.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • e He's employed.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    1 Máte pravdu.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    4 Co se děje?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...