Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    16 I'll do it asap.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    8 He's to come too.
    6 It made him angry.
    14 We had the house built.
    1 How've you been?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    7 He's known her for years.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    3 It's getting worse.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    2 I don't get it.
    11 I'll do my best.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • a for about two years now.
    • g until they came back.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • f which made him angry.
    • b what happened to her.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    4 He's speak to her.
    1 Where be you last night?
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    6 We can't without their help.
    1 Have you your homework?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    15 it sense to you?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    8 I need to a phone call.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    14 He it to her angry.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    4
    6
    1
    3
    2
    5
    10
    8
    9
    7

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • h He was born there.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • c I've eaten.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    6 Postarám se o to.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    4 Co se děje?
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...