Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    10 Can you give me a lift?
    7 He's known her for years.
    2 I don't get it.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    8 He's to come too.
    11 I'll do my best.
    1 How've you been?
    3 It's getting worse.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    6 It made him angry.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    14 We had the house built.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • a for about two years now.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • g until they came back.
    • f which made him angry.
    • b what happened to her.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    1 Where be you last night?
    4 He's speak to her.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    9 He drank five beers.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    8 I need to a phone call.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    14 He it to her angry.
    15 it sense to you?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    6 We can't without their help.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    1 Have you your homework?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    8
    4
    7
    10
    6
    2
    5
    1
    3
    9

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • e He's employed.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    4 Co se děje?
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...