Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    4 They differ in many ways.
    2 I don't get it.
    8 He's to come too.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    14 We had the house built.
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    7 He's known her for years.
    1 How've you been?
    6 It made him angry.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    3 It's getting worse.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    11 I'll do my best.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    16 I'll do it asap.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • g until they came back.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • b what happened to her.
    • a for about two years now.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    1 Where be you last night?
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    4 He's speak to her.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He drank five beers.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    2 I've a big mistake.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    1 Have you your homework?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    6 We can't without their help.
    3 Stop fun of me!
    15 it sense to you?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    14 He it to her angry.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    6
    2
    9
    5
    8
    10
    4
    1
    7
    3

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • c I've eaten.
    • h He was born there.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    6 Postarám se o to.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    4 Co se děje?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...