Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    14 We had the house built.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    8 He's to come too.
    2 I don't get it.
    7 He's known her for years.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    6 It made him angry.
    3 It's getting worse.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    11 I'll do my best.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    1 How've you been?
    13 Have we met (before)?
    16 I'll do it asap.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • g Zjistím to.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • f which made him angry.
    • a for about two years now.
    • g until they came back.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    2 He's found a job. - He was .

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    6 She was hit by a car.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    1 Where be you last night?
    4 He's speak to her.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    3 I've bring some wine.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    9 He drank five beers.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    6 We can't without their help.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    15 it sense to you?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    1 Have you your homework?
    14 He it to her angry.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    11 He a lot of money last year.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    1 Have you ever been the USA?
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    3
    6
    1
    4
    8
    10
    5
    9
    7

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    4 Co se děje?
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...