Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    13 Have we met (before)?
    14 We had the house built.
    1 How've you been?
    4 They differ in many ways.
    5 He has no sense of humour.
    3 It's getting worse.
    11 I'll do my best.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    6 It made him angry.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    7 He's known her for years.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    9 What was I supposed to do?
    8 He's to come too.
    16 I'll do it asap.
    2 I don't get it.

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.
    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • d but it wasn't my fault.
    • b what happened to her.
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • a for about two years now.
    • g until they came back.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • f which made him angry.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    3 I've bring some wine.
    1 Where be you last night?
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    4 He's speak to her.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    6 She was hit by a car.
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    9 He drank five beers.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    3 Nobody else knows about it.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her angry.
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.
    15 it sense to you?
    1 Have you your homework?
    6 We can't without their help.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    3 Stop fun of me!

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    5
    2
    3
    6
    1
    10
    7
    9
    4
    8

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • h He was born there.
    • c I've eaten.
    • d I'm an only child.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    1 Máte pravdu.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    4 Co se děje?
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    10 Nemusíte platit.

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...