Exercises

Exercise 1

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    • Přeložte.

    5 He has no sense of humour.
    10 Can you give me a lift?
    7 He's known her for years.
    3 It's getting worse.
    19 I was fined for speeding.
    1 How've you been?
    16 I'll do it asap.
    8 He's to come too.
    15 Have you done it yet?
    12 I'd love to, but I can't.
    13 Have we met (before)?
    14 We had the house built.
    18 I've been taking driving lessons.
    11 I'll do my best.
    4 They differ in many ways.
    17 I'm looking forward to that.
    6 It made him angry.
    2 I don't get it.
    9 What was I supposed to do?

    Speeding spiːdɪŋ je překročení povolené rychlosti (speed - rychlost). Speeding ticket je pokuta za rychlost. Např.: He got a speeding ticket. - Dostal pokutu za rychlost.

    Exercise 2

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    • Poslechněte si nahrávku a určete, zda je tvrzení pravdivé (true), nebo nepravdivé (false).

    1 Bob was fined 400 dollars for driving too fast.
    5 New Yorkers are known to walk a lot around the city.
    6 Both the British and Americans like to use trains.
    4 Americans mostly buy cars made in the US.
    3 They usually don't leave a tip in British pubs.
    7 Some 5 million people travel on the tube every day in London.
    8 The number of yellow cabs in New York is about 13.5 thousand.
    2 John had an accident, but it wasn't his fault.

    Exercise 3

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    • Spojte odpovídající výroky.

    • 1 I'll keep it on.
    • 2 I won't keep you long.
    • 3 He broke up with her.
    • 4 I'll find out.
    • 5 He made it up.
    • 6 I'll catch up with you.
    • 7 He's missing her.
    • 8 He was fired.
    • c Dostal vyhazov.
    • b Doženu vás.
    • e Nechám si to na sobě.
    • a Chybí mu.
    • g Zjistím to.
    • f Vymyslel si to.
    • g Nezdržím tě dlouho.
    • d Rozešel se s ní.

    Exercise 4

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 He wasn't supposed to know. You couldn't/shouldn't/wouldn't have told him.
    1 Most from/of/in them didn't know.
    9 I'm sorry of/at/about that. I did it by/on/of mistake.
    7 Come out/on/at. Hurry up! We'll be late.
    2 How long will it ask/take/keep to get there? - About an hour.
    5 Did you get my e-mail? - Yes, but I haven't red/read/readed it yet.
    3 Jane and Bob prepared it himself/themselves/ourselves.
    10 I usually go in/in/by car, but we met in/at/on the bus.
    8 They took in/off/out a loan to buy a car.
    6 Could you take/get/pick me up at the airport tomorrow?

    Exercise 5

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    • Doplňte členy, some nebo any, kde třeba.

    8 I saw it on TV yesterday when I was watching news.
    12 He's American who makes lot of money.
    9 Would you like more cake? - Yes. I haven't had yet.
    14 I had busy day at work. I'm going to bed.
    2 Are there other ways? I can't think of .
    4 I bought new car. - What did you do with old one?
    10 USA and Canada are almost same size.
    3 Can you lend me money? - I don't have money.
    13 Take meat out of bag and put it in fridge.
    1 Is there place where we could have dinner?
    7 I had accident when driving to work this morning.
    6 Can you give me hand? - I don't have time for that.
    5 Have wine! - Thanks, I don't drink alcohol.
    11 A boy from US met girl from Europe.

    Exercise 6

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    • Doplňte překlady vět.

    12 Počkám, až přijde. I'll wait him to come.
    3 Je mi to jedno. I don't (about it).
    4 Budete muset počkat. You'll wait.
    14 Co tím myslíte? What do you by that?
    13 Bude to hotovo do pátku. It'll be finished Friday.
    1 Chystám se k odchodu. I'm to leave.
    5 Doufám, že ne. I hope .
    7 Kolikrát jsi to už viděl? How many have you seen it?
    11 To jídlo se může zkazit. The food may bad.
    6 Kolik peněz tam je? How money is there?
    9 Neměl bys mu o tom říkat. You tell him.
    2 Byli jsme okradeni. We were .
    8 Pokud vím... As as I know ...
    10 Lepší by bylo počkat. It better to wait.

    Exercise 7

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    • Spojte související výroky.

    • 1 He had a house built ...
    • 2 I'll tell her about it ...
    • 3 I've been learning English ...
    • 4 I tried to call him ...
    • 5 We had to wait ...
    • 6 I'm really sorry about ...
    • 7 I had a car accident ...
    • 8 He was fined 500 dollars ...
    • h although she shouldn't know.
    • g until they came back.
    • b what happened to her.
    • f which made him angry.
    • c but he sold it soon after.
    • e but he isn't answering the phone.
    • a for about two years now.
    • d but it wasn't my fault.

    Exercise 8

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    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 Are you looking forward to it? - Yes, I can't stay/afford/wait to see it.
    3 He's a year younger, but he's a head longer/taller/higher than me.
    10 I sent it at/to/in his e-mail address at/on/by accident.
    6 I'm feeling unwell. I'll have to see/meet/reach a doctor.
    2 What's up, man? Long time no sea/see/say. How've you been?
    4 I'm trying! - I know but you must try stronger/harder/heavier!
    7 Don't give up. You must stay/keep/last trying.
    13 We didn't meet on/at/by chance. We agreed to meet/meeting/met.
    8 I'm in a hurry. I must catch/reach/have the bus.
    5 Are you hungry? - Not right/really/hardly. But I'm thirsty.
    11 I came at/across/about an interesting article.
    9 There will be no meeting. It was called out/away/off.
    12 I met her in/on/at the bus although I usually go on/in/by car.

    Předložka by také znamená kolem, vedle (o pohybu). Např.: A police car went by. - Kolem projelo policejní auto. Stop by je hovorově stavit se (za někým).

    Exercise 9

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    • Doplňte druhou větu tak, aby měla opačný význam.

    12 She calmed him down. - She made him .
    8 Don't bring him with you. - Feel to bring him with you.
    9 It cost at least 300. - It cost at 300.
    1 I have to work tomorrow. - I'm taking a day tomorrow.
    11 It's getting better. - It's getting .
    5 You must take off your glasses. - You must put your glasses.
    15 He does hardly any work. - He works really .
    13 They helped me do it. - I did it .
    6 You can get there by car. - You have to there.
    4 I threw it away. - I it.
    7 The computer is still on. - The computer is .
    2 He's found a job. - He was .
    10 I like both beer and wine. - I like beer wine.
    14 What time do you go to bed? - What time do you up?
    3 She needn't know about it. - She know about it.

    Exercise 10

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    • Doplňte správné tvary slovesa v nápovědě.

    3 I've bring some wine.
    8 He have an accident and was take to hospital.
    2 I haven't see you for ages!
    5 The house was sell for 20.000.
    9 I give it to him and I think he keep it.
    1 Where be you last night?
    4 He's speak to her.
    7 They meet years ago and become friends.
    10 He be here a moment ago and he leave a message for you.
    6 She was hit by a car.

    Slovo left znamená též zbylý. Užívá se hlavně ve spojení be left - zbýt, zbývat. Např.: There's nothing left. - Nic nezbylo., I don't have much money left. - Už mi nezbývá moc peněz. ap.

    Exercise 11

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    7 Who'll be looking the kids when she's gone?
    2 I'll see you Monday 4 p.m.
    5 We'll meet Christmas Eve at 7 p.m. my place.
    12 Thank you so much. It's so nice you.
    10 What disease did he die ? It's not known.
    9 Look these two. Is there any difference them?
    4 He'll be back ten minutes. You can wait him.
    8 They spend all their money food and clothes.
    6 Don't worry that. I'll take care it.
    1 Only one 20 Americans don't have a car.
    3 I'm too tired. I can't go .
    11 Do you have it you? - No, I left it work.

    Američané často jako výraz díků říkají: I appreciate it. - Vážím si toho., Oceňuji to. (appreciate əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt - oceňovat, vážit si)

    Exercise 12

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    • Utvořte otázky. Ptejte se na zvýrazněná slova.

    3 Nobody else knows about it.
    8 I haven't sent it yet.
    5 We'll spend the weekend at the seaside.
    4 I told Bob and Jane about it.
    2 I've been waiting for an hour.
    9 He drank five beers.
    7 It cost me over 500 dollars.
    1 He left for work an hour ago.
    10 I've been learning English for a year.
    6 I've known her for 2 years.

    Exercise 13

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    • Doplňte překlady vět pomocí trpného rodu.

    12 Našli ji o týden později. She a week later.
    5 Postavili 3 nové domy. Three new houses .
    10 Ví se o něm, že je bohatý. He to be rich.
    9 Vzali ho na vysokou. He to college.
    6 Tato auta se vyrábí v Japonsku. These cars in Japan.
    4 Srazilo je nákladní auto. They by a truck.
    7 Toto slovo se často neužívá. This word often.
    11 Viděli ji, jak odchází. She leaving.
    1 Ukradli mu auto. His car .
    2 Bude povýšena. She'll .
    8 Článek napsala dívka. The article by a girl.
    3 Mohli by ho vyhodit z práce. He could .

    I'm flattered. ˈflætəd nebo též I feel flattered. je česky Jsem polichocen.

    Exercise 14

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    • Doplňte podle kontextu tvary slovesa do nebo make.

    1 Have you your homework?
    3 Stop fun of me!
    12 I only have 20 dollars. Will it ?
    14 He it to her angry.
    2 I've a big mistake.
    15 it sense to you?
    10 Please your best. It's very important.
    6 We can't without their help.
    11 He a lot of money last year.
    13 This dress me look fat.
    8 I need to a phone call.
    7 They a lot of damage when they broke in.
    5 I'm running late. I won't it in time.
    4 How did you at school? Were you a good student?
    9 These photos me want to go on holiday.

    Exercise 15

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    • Doplňte odpovědi pomocí slovesa z otázky.

    6 How many times did you try it? - I it at least five times.
    8 Did you understand him? - I only a few words.
    3 Did you get my message? - No, I no message.
    2 When did he lose his job? - He his job last year.
    5 How long did you spend there? - We a week there.
    10 Did you write down his name? - No, I his number.
    9 How did you feel when you found out? - I really bad.
    4 When did they send it? - They it last night.
    7 Did you buy any wine? - No, I only food.
    1 Where did you go on holiday? - We to the seaside.

    Exercise 16

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    • Doplňte správnou předložku.

    3 I'm leaving Paris tomorrow.
    2 We'll meet the airport.
    5 It's too hot inside. I'll wait the pub.
    9 It looks you are having a great time.
    4 It's very hot. The temperature is 30 degrees.
    8 She used to work a teacher.
    10 It was a secret meeting. They met closed doors.
    12 We'are all very sorry her death.
    11 It's not for kids. You must be 18 years old to buy it.
    7 I'm tired listening to them. I'm leaving.
    6 I got it Christmas a friend of mine.
    1 Have you ever been the USA?

    Spojení feel sorry for se užívá, když někoho litujete, be sorry for hlavně při omluvě za svůj čin ap., ale be sorry about se užije o situaci či něčem, co nastalo. Např.: I felt sorry for him. - Bylo mi ho líto., I'm sorry for disturbing you. - Promiňte, že vás ruším. ALE I'm sorry about that. - To mě mrzí. Sorry se může vázat i s infinitivem. Např.: We're sorry to inform you ... - S politováním vám oznamujeme...

    Exercise 17

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    • Napište věty, které uslyšíte. Neužívejte stažené tvary. (Pište celými slovy.)

    2
    3
    7
    10
    9
    8
    4
    1
    6
    5

    Exercise 18

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    • Spojte výroky, které mají opačný význam.

    • 1 He's jobless.
    • 2 He made her angry.
    • 3 He's in good health.
    • 4 I'm enjoying it.
    • 5 He died there.
    • 6 I don't care about her.
    • 7 I have two siblings.
    • 8 I'm really hungry.
    • f He calmed her down.
    • h He was born there.
    • d I'm an only child.
    • a He's seriously ill.
    • c I've eaten.
    • b I'm tired of it.
    • e He's employed.
    • g I'm crazy about her.

    Exercise 19

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    • Doplňte větu posunutou do minulého času s užitím časové souslednosti.

    8 He says he was there. - He said he there.
    2 I'm afraid they're lost. - I was afraid they lost.
    4 I suppose you know that. - I supposed you that.
    9 I don't know who did it. - I didn't know who it.
    3 I'm sure they have it. - I was sure they it.
    7 I believe he forgot about it. - I believed he it.
    1 I think she is there. - I thought she there.
    6 She says she'll help us. - She said she help us.
    5 I hope you'll come. - I hoped you come.
    10 I know what he's going to do. - I knew what he going to do.

    Exercise 20

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    1 Díváme se právě na film.
    just
    2 Už jsi to poslal?
    yet
    8 Co ještě bych měl udělat?
    else
    9 Dám si ještě jedno pivo.
    more
    6 Ještě jsem to nečetl.
    yet
    7 To bude ještě dražší.
    even
    3 Právě jsem to dodělal.
    just
    4 Už odešli.
    already
    5 Neviděl jsem ho už měsíce.
    for months
    10 Zkus to ještě jednou.
    again; more

    Exercise 21

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    • Doplňte překlady pomocí frázových sloves.

    7 Mám pustit televizi? Shall I on the TV?
    9 Vydržte chvilku. Hold a minute.
    4 Řekni mu, ať se uklidní. Tell him to down.
    5 Musím se přihlásit v hotelu. I must in at the hotel.
    14 (Dávej) pozor! Watch !
    10 Čti dál. on reading.
    2 Měl by nechat kouření. He should up smoking.
    8 Letadlo už odstartovalo. The plane has off.
    1 Už jsem zjistil, kolik to stojí. I've out how much it costs.
    6 Ceny domů vzrostly o... House prices up by ...
    13 Vyrazíme brzy ráno. We'll out early.
    3 Chtějí si užít (života). They want to it up.
    12 Došel mi benzín. I've out of petrol.
    11 Můžeme to odložit? Can we it off?

    Frázové sloveso go for má několik významů. Jeden z nejběžnějších je vybrat si nebo rozhodnout se pro. Např.: I'd go for this one. - Já bych si vybral tento. Ve významu platit pro... se užívá go for stejně jako sloveso apply to əˈplaɪˌtuː. Např.: That goes for you too., That applies to you too. - To platí i pro tebe. ap.

    Jaywalking ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkɪŋ je neukázněné přecházení silnice. Termín jaywalker ˈdʒeɪˌwɔːkə je neukázněný chodec (přecházející na červenou, mimo přechod ap.).

    Exercise 23

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    • Vyberte správné slovo podle výkladu.

    3 When a meeting is to take place later, it is put out/away/off.
    6 When you get well again after being ill, you have tired/recovered/fainted.
    9 An old person who doesn't work anymore is wrapped/retired/admitted.
    1 When two people are not a couple any more, they break up/down/in.
    8 When you give someone food, you say: Welcome/Cheers/Help yourself.
    10 The part of a street used for walking is called the jaywalk/sidewalk/walker.
    4 If you want to eat healthily, you should get/avoid/order junk food.
    5 To get a driving licence, you must first make/get/pass a driving test.
    7 When someone takes your things away, you are broken/robbed/stolen.
    11 When you've done something many times and you have no problem doing it, you are used to/addicted to/interested in it.
    2 When you get divorced/married/bored you become a husband and wife.

    Obrat to hail a taxi znamená zastavit si taxi (mávnutím). Podobně se užívá fráze wave down a taxi (wave weɪv - mávnout, zamávat).

    Exercise 24

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    • Doplňte překlady.

    12 Vyzvednu tě na letišti. I'll you up at the airport.
    6 Zvykl jsem si na to. I used to it.
    7 Nejezdím po městě autem. I don't drive the city.
    14 Ať neodchází! Don't him go!
    1 Zamilovala se do něho. She in love with him.
    8 Odjíždím v pátek ráno. I'm leaving Friday morning.
    11 Mám raději čaj než kávu. I tea to coffee.
    2 Doufejme, že to vyjde. Let's hope it'll off.
    9 Byla okradena dvěma muži. She by two men.
    3 To zní zajímavě. That interesting.
    4 Mám (moc) rád italské jídlo. I'm of Italian food.
    10 Bude to stát spoustu peněz. It'll cost a of money.
    13 Jeďte po této cestě. Go this road.
    5 Nechám to na vás. I'll it up to you.

    Ať v rozkazu lze také někdy přeložit pomocí obratu make sure (that) (ujisti se/zajisti, že...) Např.: Make sure you don't lose it. - Ať to neztratíš., Make sure he doesn't break it. - Ať to nerozbije. ap.

    Exercise 25

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    • Přeložte. Použijte nápovědu.

    10 Rádi bychom si objednali.
    order
    3 Pokud vím, tak tady není.
    as far as
    1 Nevím, jak dlouho to potrvá.
    take
    8 To by bylo skvělé!
    great
    13 To nevadí.
    mind
    5 Co takhle si dát pivo?
    pint
    9 Změnil jsem názor.
    mind
    6 Nechce se mi tam jít.
    feel like
    2 Dám vám vědět co nejdřív.
    as soon as
    12 Neslyším vás.
    can
    7 Nejsem z toho zrovna nadšený.
    crazy
    14 To rád slyším.
    glad
    4 To je ale překvapení!
    surprise
    11 Platím já! (pití ap.)
    buy

    Pozor na slovo frekventovaný při překladu do angličtiny! Ve významu častý je to frequent. Chcete-li ale říct, že je něco často navštěvované nebo je zde velký provoz, užije se frequented frɪˈkwεntɪd. Např.: frequented road - frekventovaná silnice.

    Exercise 26

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    • Přeložte.

    8 Nesmíš to nikomu říct.
    5 Nevěděl jsem o tom.
    18 Učím se anglicky už dva roky.
    12 Ještě nepřišel.
    6 Postarám se o to.
    2 Mám zpoždění.
    11 Musel jsem tam jít.
    9 Co ještě potřebujete?
    10 Nemusíte platit.
    16 Bydlím tady už deset let.
    20 Hodně štěstí!
    19 Všechno nejlepší k narozeninám!
    1 Máte pravdu.
    15 Nikdy jsem v Londýně nebyl.
    13 Nechám to na vás.
    14 Kdybych to měl, dal bych ti to.
    17 Jak dlouho už tady čekáte?
    7 Nebudu moci přijít.
    3 Dlouho vás nezdržím.
    4 Co se děje?

    Sidewalk je americký termín. V Británii pro chodník užívají pavement ˈpeɪvmənt! V americké angličtině je ale pavement zpevněná vozovka (asfaltovaný povrch ap.).

    Připoutat se (v autě ap.) se hlavně v americké angličtině hovorově řekne buckle up ˈbʌkəlˌʌp. Např.: Buckle up! - Připoutej(te) se!

    Pozor! Slovo police se v angličtině chová jako podstatné jméno v množném čísle, tedy: The police are ..., The police have ... ap.! Např. The police are after him. - Jde po něm policie., Police say that ... - Policie říká, že...